Difference between revisions of "Mechadensite"
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{{Site specific term}} | {{Site specific term}} | ||
This is not an official name. <br> | This is not an official name. <br> | ||
| − | Allow me (author of this wiki) to be so vain as to name an unnatural and <br> | + | Allow me (author of this wiki) to be so vain and audacious as to name an unnatural and <br> |
| − | not yet synthesizable gemstone with my | + | not yet synthesizable gemstone with my primary internet pseudonym. <br> |
| + | |||
| + | If you prefer a portmanteau name self suggesting would be: | ||
| + | * Ruthovite | ||
| + | * Stishotile | ||
== Stoichometry and examples == | == Stoichometry and examples == | ||
'''The mechadensite series:''' | '''The mechadensite series:''' | ||
| − | * General formula: Si<sub>x</sub>Ti<sub>y</sub>O<sub>z</sub> 2*(x+y)=z | + | * General formula: Si<sub>x</sub>Ti<sub>y</sub>O<sub>z</sub> <br>2*(x+y)=z |
'''Examples:''' | '''Examples:''' | ||
| Line 16: | Line 20: | ||
* rutile TiO<sub>2</sub> and | * rutile TiO<sub>2</sub> and | ||
* stishovite SiO<sub>2</sub> (isostructural to rutile thus not quartz). <br> | * stishovite SiO<sub>2</sub> (isostructural to rutile thus not quartz). <br> | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Other compatible elements (mainly tin) == | ||
| + | |||
| + | There is also cassierite a hard stable tin oxide minearal in rutile structure (isostructural). <br> | ||
| + | While cassiertite is a bit harder than rutile '''tin is a much less abundant element than titanium''' also it is notably heavier. | ||
| + | * Rutile: Mohs 6.0–6.5 density 4.23g/ccm | ||
| + | * Cassierite: Mohs 6.0-7.0 density 6.98–7.1g/ccm | ||
| + | |||
| + | General formula for '''tin-mechadensites:''' Si<sub>x</sub>Sn<sub>y</sub>O<sub>z</sub> where 2*(x+y)=z | ||
| + | |||
| + | [[Germanium]] Ge and [[lead]] Pb from group 14 may be suitable when added in sparingly. <br> | ||
| + | And maybe even [[zirconium]] Zr and [[hafnium]] Hf (very rare element) being chemically similar to [[titanium]] Ti. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Alternate naming? | ||
== Likely propertiers == | == Likely propertiers == | ||
| Line 30: | Line 48: | ||
It is not supposed to be a thermodynamic solid solution with statistically distributed (random) placement of atoms. <br> | It is not supposed to be a thermodynamic solid solution with statistically distributed (random) placement of atoms. <br> | ||
Such a solid solution might not even be accessible via thermodynamic production pathways, <br> | Such a solid solution might not even be accessible via thermodynamic production pathways, <br> | ||
| − | that is melting mixing and recrystallizing. <br> | + | that is melting mixing and recrystallizing (possibly under [[bulk pressure]]). <br> |
It should be quite easy to figure out which Ti/Si ratios allow for symmetric checkerboard patterns <br> | It should be quite easy to figure out which Ti/Si ratios allow for symmetric checkerboard patterns <br> | ||
with extended unit cells of minimal size. | with extended unit cells of minimal size. | ||
| − | |||
| − | |||
| − | |||
'''What is so special about this gemstone? …''' <br> | '''What is so special about this gemstone? …''' <br> | ||
Rutile TiO₂ is limited in hardness (Mohs 6 to 6.5) but thermally highly stable. <br> | Rutile TiO₂ is limited in hardness (Mohs 6 to 6.5) but thermally highly stable. <br> | ||
| Line 44: | Line 59: | ||
'''A "mixing series" may allow for combining the advantages of both''' by <br> | '''A "mixing series" may allow for combining the advantages of both''' by <br> | ||
tuning the Si/Ti ratio such that the material attains both high mechanical and high thermal stability. | tuning the Si/Ti ratio such that the material attains both high mechanical and high thermal stability. | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Other [[neo-polymorph]]ic checkerboard mixing series with same elements but different structure == | ||
| + | |||
| + | [[Seifertite]] the second ultra-dense ultra-hard common quartz SiO2 polymorph. <br> | ||
| + | is isostructural to the stable mineral [[Scrutinyite]] (Mohs ??, density 9.867g/ccm) <br> | ||
| + | But there's evidence for stability of titanium and tin variants too. <br> | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Related == | ||
| + | End-members: | ||
| + | * [[Stishovite]] | ||
| + | * [[Rutile]] | ||
| + | ---- | ||
| + | Not via thermodynamic equilibriom production. <br>No solid solutions: | ||
| + | * [[Pseudo phase diagram]] | ||
| + | * [[Neo-polymorph]]s | ||
| + | * [[Isostructural bending]] | ||
| + | ---- | ||
| + | Involved elements: | ||
| + | * [[Titanium]] | ||
| + | * [[Silicon]] | ||
| + | * [[Oxygen]] | ||
| + | ---- | ||
| + | * [[Salts of oxoacids]] | ||
| + | ---- | ||
| + | Another "checkerboard-mixing-series" with a here given name: | ||
| + | * [[Dialondeite]] | ||
| + | ---- | ||
| + | Other potential '''[[neo-polymorph]]''' series: [[leukosapphire]] to [[tistarite]] | ||
Latest revision as of 11:06, 22 March 2024
This is not an official name.
Allow me (author of this wiki) to be so vain and audacious as to name an unnatural and
not yet synthesizable gemstone with my primary internet pseudonym.
If you prefer a portmanteau name self suggesting would be:
- Ruthovite
- Stishotile
Contents
Stoichometry and examples
The mechadensite series:
- General formula: SixTiyOz
2*(x+y)=z
Examples:
- SiTiO4 (equistoicometric mechadensite)
- Si3TiO8 (silicon leaning mechadensite – presumably more hardness and less thermal stability)
End members are:
- rutile TiO2 and
- stishovite SiO2 (isostructural to rutile thus not quartz).
Other compatible elements (mainly tin)
There is also cassierite a hard stable tin oxide minearal in rutile structure (isostructural).
While cassiertite is a bit harder than rutile tin is a much less abundant element than titanium also it is notably heavier.
- Rutile: Mohs 6.0–6.5 density 4.23g/ccm
- Cassierite: Mohs 6.0-7.0 density 6.98–7.1g/ccm
General formula for tin-mechadensites: SixSnyOz where 2*(x+y)=z
Germanium Ge and lead Pb from group 14 may be suitable when added in sparingly.
And maybe even zirconium Zr and hafnium Hf (very rare element) being chemically similar to titanium Ti.
Alternate naming?
Likely propertiers
- high hardness (Mohs 6 to Mohs 9)
- electrically non conductive wide band-gap
- optically transparent in visible spectral range
- strong optical dispersion
- high heat conductance (but far from diamond)
Not a solid solution mixing series
Regarding "mixing series" note that this is meant as a piezomechanosyntesized checkerboard compound.
It is not supposed to be a thermodynamic solid solution with statistically distributed (random) placement of atoms.
Such a solid solution might not even be accessible via thermodynamic production pathways,
that is melting mixing and recrystallizing (possibly under bulk pressure).
It should be quite easy to figure out which Ti/Si ratios allow for symmetric checkerboard patterns
with extended unit cells of minimal size.
What is so special about this gemstone? …
Rutile TiO₂ is limited in hardness (Mohs 6 to 6.5) but thermally highly stable.
Stishovite SiO₂ is ultra hard (Mohs 8.5 to 9) but likely thermally less stable since
it's a metastable high pressure modification of quartz (SiO₂ too).
A "mixing series" may allow for combining the advantages of both by
tuning the Si/Ti ratio such that the material attains both high mechanical and high thermal stability.
Other neo-polymorphic checkerboard mixing series with same elements but different structure
Seifertite the second ultra-dense ultra-hard common quartz SiO2 polymorph.
is isostructural to the stable mineral Scrutinyite (Mohs ??, density 9.867g/ccm)
But there's evidence for stability of titanium and tin variants too.
Related
End-members:
Not via thermodynamic equilibriom production.
No solid solutions:
Involved elements:
Another "checkerboard-mixing-series" with a here given name:
Other potential neo-polymorph series: leukosapphire to tistarite
