Incremental path

Technology levels and steps of the incremental path
Level 0	side products
Introduction of total positional control	xxx
Level I	side products
switch-over to stiffer materials	xxx
Level II	side products
introduction of practically perfect vacuum	xxx
Level III	basis for products advanced products maybe-products

The incremental path is a second pathway to advanced APM systems beside the direct path.

In Appendix II of the book "Radical Abundance" it is proposed to go through several levels of APM technology to reach advanced (atomic resolution & diamondoid) APM. These layers will serve as a rough guideline for the structuring of this Wiki. In "Nanosystems" technology stages are mentioned beginning with section 16.5.2. (written before the emergence of structural DNA nanotechnology)

The recently developed self assembling structural DNA nanotechnology and similar reliably designable structures might be a good starting point from technology level 0. By introducing robotic (more precisely stereotactic) control one could reach something like a "block resolution robotic technology" technology level I from there in a first step. In a second step one could change to e.g. Pyrite or Silica technology level II as building material to increase structural stiffness, reduce vibration amplitudes and get thus more placing accuracy. And finally in a third step one could switch from fluid phase to vacuum so that carbon and silicon can be assembled technology level III.

This very crude temporal outline is by no means the only possible way to go. There may be shortcuts or other paths.
Note: The definition of atomic precision does not imply single-atomic manipulation. The derived term "APM" also tells nothing about product size. It is thus suitable for todays self assembly and all technology levels beyond 0. Advanced levels of APM though are capable of macromanufacturing of diamondoid structures with atomic resolution.

Since a nanofactory at the endpoint of an incremental path will inherit the capability of handling at least the materials of one generation before it may be better to call the products gemoid instead of diamondoid this terminology would make it more clear that gemstone like bio-minerals like quartz are included.

Paths that are treated separately because its harder to find a concrete goal for them

Note that the behavior of mobile electrons at the nanoscale is not as easily predictable as the behavior of mechanics at the same scale thus there's less exploratory engineering for nanoelectronics than nanomechanics. See:

• non mechanical technology path (including nanoelectronics)
• brownian technology path. (including things like synthetic biology)

[Todo: improve article quality]

Reasons for the order of introduction of capabilities

A necessary prerequisite for the second major step (that is: going from soft atomically precise but not necessarily atomically resolving materials to stiffer atomically resloving ones) is: the first major step (that is the introduction of the capability to pick and place building blocks at featureless sites.) This is a prerequisite since stiffer building materials (like bio-minerals) are more featureless and thus uncontrollable with self assembly (or at least much harder to control).

Related

• Pathways to advanced APM systems
• Pathway controversy