Difference between revisions of "Zincblende structure"
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| − | * '''SiC''' [[moissanite]] | + | * '''SiC''' cubic [[moissanite]] - Note: natural moissanite is neither cubic nor hexagonal. It's a more complex stacks of A,B,C layers. |
----- | ----- | ||
* '''C''' [[diamond]] | * '''C''' [[diamond]] | ||
| Line 8: | Line 8: | ||
* grey [[tin]] ([[oddball compounds|odd]]) | * grey [[tin]] ([[oddball compounds|odd]]) | ||
----- | ----- | ||
| − | * ZnS [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphalerite zinc sphalerite] - 4.2g/ccm . Mohs 3.5 to 4 (soft) | + | * ZnSe [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zinc_selenide Zinc_selenide] [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stilleite stilleite] - 5.42g/ccm - Mohs 5 - (Se is rare) |
| + | * '''α-ZnS''' [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphalerite zinc sphalerite] - 4.2g/ccm . Mohs 3.5 to 4 (soft) | ||
| + | * CdS [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium_sulfide cadmium_sulfide] | ||
| + | ----- | ||
| + | * are there other examples also forming [[pseudo phase diagram]] islands? | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Pseudo phase diagrams surrounding SiC == | ||
| + | |||
| + | All the carbon group elmenets can be substitutes. <br> | ||
| + | The heavier ones likely only within bounds. <br> | ||
| + | Like e.g. Lead carbide (combining the biggest and smallest atoms of the group) is not achievable via thermodynamic means. <br> | ||
| + | And it's unclear if even via [[mechanosynthesis|mechanosynthetic]] means. | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Pseudo phase diagrams surrounding ZnS == | ||
| + | |||
| + | Investigating the [[pseudo phase diagram]]s that emanate from ZnS | ||
| + | |||
| + | '''Replacing sulfur:''' <br> | ||
| + | * Replacing all sulfur with oxygen (above S) likely not work since ZnO (zncite) is hexagonal.<br> | ||
| + | * Replacing all sulfur with selenium (below S) works. thhis gives ZnSe Zinc_selenide (mineral stilleite) | ||
| + | '''Replacing Zinc:''' <br> | ||
| + | Below Zinc there is cadmium and mercury both rare and toxic. <br> | ||
| + | * CdS [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cadmium_sulfide cadmium_sulfide] has zinkblende structure => all [[psuedo polymorphs]] possible | ||
| + | * α-HgS [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cinnabar cinnabarite] wants to be trigonal rather than cubic - [[cinnabar structure]] | ||
| + | |||
| + | == Rift between pseudo phase diagrams == | ||
| + | |||
| + | SiC and ZnS have the same structure but there seems to be an unbridgable rift for [[pseudo phase diagram]]s. <br> | ||
| + | With other nonmetals sulfur usually assumes bond order two (like oxygen above) but in ZnS it assumes bond order four. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Cross combining the elements leads to some odd compounds instead of a preserved structure. See: | ||
| + | * CS<sub>2</sub> is an ([[oddball compound|odd]]) liquid. | ||
| + | * SiS<sub>2</sub> is an ([[oddball compound|odd]]) polymeric compound. | ||
| + | * Zinc carbide ??? barely any info | ||
| + | * Zinc silicide ??? barely any info | ||
= Misc = | = Misc = | ||
| − | Also a very simple but different ([[oddball compounds|odd]]) cubic structure: Cu<sub>2</sub>O cuprite. | + | * Also a very simple but different ([[oddball compounds|odd]]) cubic structure: Cu<sub>2</sub>O cuprite. |
| + | * Silver Ag (below Cu) does the same - Ag<sub>2</sub>O [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silver_oxide silver_oxide] (no mineral it seems) | ||
| + | |||
| + | Nonmetallicness despite high metal content: | ||
| + | |||
| + | Covalent behavior and nonmetallic optical and electrical behavious may have to do with <br> | ||
| + | noble metals on the right having almost full electron shells and all electrons being used for covalent bonds no electrons left for semi-conductive or conductive behavior. <br> | ||
| + | All that despite these compounds are 2/3 metal 1/3 oxygen. | ||
| + | |||
| + | * ZnO<sub>2</sub> ?? ... | ||
| + | |||
| + | * Complement to that ... | ||
= Related = | = Related = | ||
* [[Simple crystal structures of especial interest]] | * [[Simple crystal structures of especial interest]] | ||
| + | * [[Wurtzite structure]] - layers ABAB | ||
| + | * Zincblende structure - layers ABCABC | ||
| + | |||
| + | = External links = | ||
| + | |||
| + | * ... | ||
Latest revision as of 11:32, 25 April 2021
- SiC cubic moissanite - Note: natural moissanite is neither cubic nor hexagonal. It's a more complex stacks of A,B,C layers.
- ZnSe Zinc_selenide stilleite - 5.42g/ccm - Mohs 5 - (Se is rare)
- α-ZnS zinc sphalerite - 4.2g/ccm . Mohs 3.5 to 4 (soft)
- CdS cadmium_sulfide
- are there other examples also forming pseudo phase diagram islands?
Pseudo phase diagrams surrounding SiC
All the carbon group elmenets can be substitutes.
The heavier ones likely only within bounds.
Like e.g. Lead carbide (combining the biggest and smallest atoms of the group) is not achievable via thermodynamic means.
And it's unclear if even via mechanosynthetic means.
Pseudo phase diagrams surrounding ZnS
Investigating the pseudo phase diagrams that emanate from ZnS
Replacing sulfur:
- Replacing all sulfur with oxygen (above S) likely not work since ZnO (zncite) is hexagonal.
- Replacing all sulfur with selenium (below S) works. thhis gives ZnSe Zinc_selenide (mineral stilleite)
Replacing Zinc:
Below Zinc there is cadmium and mercury both rare and toxic.
- CdS cadmium_sulfide has zinkblende structure => all psuedo polymorphs possible
- α-HgS cinnabarite wants to be trigonal rather than cubic - cinnabar structure
Rift between pseudo phase diagrams
SiC and ZnS have the same structure but there seems to be an unbridgable rift for pseudo phase diagrams.
With other nonmetals sulfur usually assumes bond order two (like oxygen above) but in ZnS it assumes bond order four.
Cross combining the elements leads to some odd compounds instead of a preserved structure. See:
- CS2 is an (odd) liquid.
- SiS2 is an (odd) polymeric compound.
- Zinc carbide ??? barely any info
- Zinc silicide ??? barely any info
Misc
- Also a very simple but different (odd) cubic structure: Cu2O cuprite.
- Silver Ag (below Cu) does the same - Ag2O silver_oxide (no mineral it seems)
Nonmetallicness despite high metal content:
Covalent behavior and nonmetallic optical and electrical behavious may have to do with
noble metals on the right having almost full electron shells and all electrons being used for covalent bonds no electrons left for semi-conductive or conductive behavior.
All that despite these compounds are 2/3 metal 1/3 oxygen.
- ZnO2 ?? ...
- Complement to that ...
Related
- Simple crystal structures of especial interest
- Wurtzite structure - layers ABAB
- Zincblende structure - layers ABCABC
External links
- ...
