Difference between revisions of "Salts of oxoacids"
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[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borate_minerals (wikipedia)] | [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borate_minerals (wikipedia)] | ||
* Mg<sub>3</sub>B<sub>7</sub>O<sub>13</sub>Cl Boracite [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boracite (wikipedia)] - (Mohs 7-7.5) | * Mg<sub>3</sub>B<sub>7</sub>O<sub>13</sub>Cl Boracite [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boracite (wikipedia)] - (Mohs 7-7.5) | ||
| + | * CaZrAl<sub>9</sub>O<sub>15</sub>(BO<sub>3</sub>) Painite [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Painite (wikipedia)] - rare zirconium (Mohs 8) | ||
| + | * MnSn(BO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> Tusionite [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tusionite (wikipedia)] - (Mohs 5-6) | ||
| + | * Al<sub>6</sub>B<sub>5</sub>O<sub>15</sub>(F,OH)<sub>3</sub> Jeremejevite [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeremejevite (wikipedia)] - (Mohs 6.5-7.5) | ||
| + | * Mg<sub>7</sub>(BO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>3</sub>(OH)<sub>4</sub>Cl Karlite [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karlite (wikipedia)] - (Mohs 5½) | ||
| + | * ... | ||
== Nitrate minerals == | == Nitrate minerals == | ||
Revision as of 18:22, 9 April 2015
The X-O-X bonds present in those compounds increase the space between the spacially linking X atoms. This lead to a lower density of bonds in cross sections inclusion of bigger voids thus higher porousity. Due to the porousness of these compounds it is harder to get the surfaces flat - figuratively like the surface of a pumice stone. It's impossible to get them as smooth as passivated diamond. [todo: investigate wheter supralubricating bearings can be constructed from these types of diamondoid compounds]
Contents
Silicates (& Quartz)
Not exactly a salt but related ...
Phosphate minerals
- Especially interesting: Hydoxy- Fluor- & Clorappatite Ca5(PO4)3(F,Cl,OH) - (Mohs 5) - a biomineral
- Lazulite (wikipedia) & Scorzalite (wikipedia) magnesium iron aluminium phosphates - (Mohs 5.5-6)
- Phosphophyllite (wikipedia) - zinc iron phosphate - rather soft (Mohs 3.5)
- Pb5(PO4)3Cl pyromorphite (wikipedia) - relatively hard for a lead mineral (Mohs 3.5)
- YPO4 Xenotime (wikipedia) - rare yttrium - high symmetry (tetragonal) - (Mohs 4.5)
Carbonate minerals
(wikipedia - minerals) (wikipedia - artificial)
- Calcite & Aragonite - calcium
- Magnesite - magnesium
- Siderite - iron
- Smithsonite - zinc
- Malachite & Azurite - copper
- Rhodochrosite - manganese (rare)
- ...
Sulfate minerals
Sulfate minerals are generally rather soft with few exceptions.
One of the harder ones is brochantite (wikipedia) - (Mohs 3.5-4)
Borate minerals
- Mg3B7O13Cl Boracite (wikipedia) - (Mohs 7-7.5)
- CaZrAl9O15(BO3) Painite (wikipedia) - rare zirconium (Mohs 8)
- MnSn(BO3)2 Tusionite (wikipedia) - (Mohs 5-6)
- Al6B5O15(F,OH)3 Jeremejevite (wikipedia) - (Mohs 6.5-7.5)
- Mg7(BO3)3(OH)4Cl Karlite (wikipedia) - (Mohs 5½)
- ...
Nitrate minerals
All rather water soluble. See: (wikipedia - minerals) (wikipedia - artificial)
