Quartz

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Advantages:

  • Silicon and oxygen are the two most common elements in earth's crust
  • much lower than diamond but still decent hardness

Disadvantages:

  • low crystal structure symmetry
  • questionable passivatability
  • much lower than diamond but still decent hardness

Related

Stishovite a polymorph of SiO2 other than quartz that is:

  • much harder
  • much denser
  • has higher crsytal structure symmetry (the same as rutile)
  • is metastable (hopefully)

There are several other known polymorphs of silicon dioxide.

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