Difference between revisions of "Ternary and higher gem-like compounds"

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(note on solid solutions)
m (moved alkali compounds down)
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By "normal" thermodynamic means (that is melting and recrystallisation) atoms that are chemically similar can randomly swap places.
 
By "normal" thermodynamic means (that is melting and recrystallisation) atoms that are chemically similar can randomly swap places.
 
Mechanosynthesis (which does not involve heating the material) can place those atoms in non random checkerboard-patterns where they stay if the material is kept cold (here cold can mean room temperature and more). See "[[pseudo phase diagram]]s" for more information.
 
Mechanosynthesis (which does not involve heating the material) can place those atoms in non random checkerboard-patterns where they stay if the material is kept cold (here cold can mean room temperature and more). See "[[pseudo phase diagram]]s" for more information.
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Alkali and earth alkali compounds tend to be rather soluble in binary compounds (you won't find many [[S-block metals|there]]) in ternary and higher compounds they tend to form less water soluble minerals. See: '''[[s-block metals|compounds with s-block metals]]'''
 
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* Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_hydroxide calcium hydroxide aka slaked lime] (rather water soluble)
 
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* CaCO<sub>3</sub> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caco3 calcium carbonate] (very slightly soluble)
 
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* MgCO<sub>3</sub> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MgCO3 magnesium carbonate aka magnesite] (slightly soluble)
 
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* Mg<sub>3</sub>B<sub>7</sub>O<sub>13</sub>Cl [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boracite boracite] (very slightly water soluble)
 
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* ... many more e.g. MnCO<sub>3</sub> rhodochrosite [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodochrosit] Mohs 3.5-4
 
  
 
== most common metal rich core mantle transition zone minerals ==
 
== most common metal rich core mantle transition zone minerals ==
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related compound:
 
related compound:
 
* ZnFe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> - wikipedia: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zinc_ferrite zinc ferrite] - synthetic zinc ferrites
 
* ZnFe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> - wikipedia: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zinc_ferrite zinc ferrite] - synthetic zinc ferrites
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== Alkali and earth alkali compounds ==
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 +
They tend to be rather soluble in binary compounds (you won't find many [[S-block metals|there]]) in ternary and higher compounds they tend to form less water soluble minerals. See: '''[[s-block metals|compounds with s-block metals]]'''
 +
 +
* Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calcium_hydroxide calcium hydroxide aka slaked lime] (rather water soluble)
 +
* CaCO<sub>3</sub> [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caco3 calcium carbonate] (very slightly soluble)
 +
* MgCO<sub>3</sub> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/MgCO3 magnesium carbonate aka magnesite] (slightly soluble)
 +
* Mg<sub>3</sub>B<sub>7</sub>O<sub>13</sub>Cl [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boracite boracite] (very slightly water soluble)
  
 
== Other ==
 
== Other ==
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Various silicates [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicate_minerals]
 
Various silicates [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silicate_minerals]
 
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* MnCO<sub>3</sub> rhodochrosite [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodochrosit] Mohs 3.5-4
 
* MnSiO<sub>3</sub> rhodonite [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodonite] Mohs 5.5-6.5
 
* MnSiO<sub>3</sub> rhodonite [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodonite] Mohs 5.5-6.5
 
* Na4Al3Si9O24Cl [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marialite marialite] Mohs 5.5-6 (scapolite end member)
 
* Na4Al3Si9O24Cl [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marialite marialite] Mohs 5.5-6 (scapolite end member)
 
* Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meionite meionite] Mohs 5-6 (scapolite end member)
 
* Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3 [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meionite meionite] Mohs 5-6 (scapolite end member)

Revision as of 08:38, 20 December 2015

Look out for rock forming minerals here.
Note that with mechanosynthesis it is possible to control of solid solutions series. By "normal" thermodynamic means (that is melting and recrystallisation) atoms that are chemically similar can randomly swap places. Mechanosynthesis (which does not involve heating the material) can place those atoms in non random checkerboard-patterns where they stay if the material is kept cold (here cold can mean room temperature and more). See "pseudo phase diagrams" for more information.

most common metal rich core mantle transition zone minerals

In the earths mantle and crust silicon and oxygen are the most abundant elements. On the borther to earths outer core this changes to iron and nickle. Down there the most abundant minearls are made from mixture of those elements. As a sidenote: In nature when iron rich metal is available in stochiometric excess heterogenous pallasite is formed. This rock looks really beautiful and can be found in some meteroids - recommendation to check it out.

Of interest as diamondoid materials may be the pure end members of the mixing series:

related minerals:

Another interesting tertiary material falling in this scheme would be CSiO 4
a solid intermediate material between CO2(gas) SiO2(solid quartz): [1] (A prototypical pseudo phase diagram.)

The spinell group (wikipedia)

These oxide minerals are devoid of the ubiquitously present silicon.

aluminum spinells

iron spinells

related compound:

  • ZnFe3O4 - wikipedia: zinc ferrite - synthetic zinc ferrites

Alkali and earth alkali compounds

They tend to be rather soluble in binary compounds (you won't find many there) in ternary and higher compounds they tend to form less water soluble minerals. See: compounds with s-block metals

Other

Various silicates [2]

  • MnCO3 rhodochrosite [3] Mohs 3.5-4
  • MnSiO3 rhodonite [4] Mohs 5.5-6.5
  • Na4Al3Si9O24Cl marialite Mohs 5.5-6 (scapolite end member)
  • Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3 meionite Mohs 5-6 (scapolite end member)
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