Difference between revisions of "Organometallic gemstone-like compound"

Revision as of 08:56, 23 June 2021

Organic linkers between metal ions forming a stiff framework

One idea here is to bridge the gap between positive metal ions (cations)

• not by simple negative counterions or
• not by negative oxoacid anions
• but with small organic structures (as negtive counterions).

The resulting structure should ge quite stron and stiff.
Otherwise it won't fill the requirements for being a gemstone like compound.

The organic linking elements between the metal ions

• need nor be (but can be) stiff on their own.
• are bit like chelating agents but need to bridge between at least four metal ions to be able make a stiff 3D network

Especially with (poly) aromatic structures involved in the linking elements interesting electronic and optical properties can be present.

Metal ions integrated in a stiff organic gemstone framework – Allowing for Energy gap tuning, color tuning, and magnetic property tuning

Another idea here is to integrate metal ions in an otherwise organic gemstone framework, such
that high forces (both positive and negative possible) are permanently exerted on the metal ions which
thereby massively change gaps between occupied and unoccupied elecronic levels in a quite precisely controllable way.
This would allow (among other things) for tuning of the visible color of the material.

Given the the effect of optically active metal ions (F-centers) can be huge,
having them integrated relatively sparsely can still lead to a big effect.
The benefit of sparse integration is that pressures on ions can be fine tuned especially well.
Given enough space fine tuning of statically applied forces could be done with Kaehler bracket like structures. A mechanooptical low level metamaterial
Or even with dynamic structures that can be actuated, making the material into a higher level mechanooptical metamaterial.

An inorganic background framework for applying forces would also be possible as long as it itself is not optically active in a similar spectral range.
Most classical gemstone-like compounds are colorless in the visible range.

Unpressurized base energy gap (and base color)

The basic energy gaps can be set by the choice of the ligands and ions via the spectrochemical series for ligands and metal ions. The following fine tuning then can be done by tuning the applied pressure in huge range

Ligands attached to a stiff (organic) gemstone-like framework in the back might behave a bit different than the well studied small free molecule ligands.

Magnetic properties

Magnetic properties might me somewhat pressure-tuneable too.

• enegry gap lower than electron pairing energy => electron does not pair up and goes into higher energy level – high spin centers – (paramagnetic)
• energy gap higher than electron pairing energy => electron does pair up and goes into same energy level – low spin – (potentially diamagnetic – if all spins pair up)

By applying actuated pressure it might be possible to go across these two spin situations in an actively controlled way. Mechanomagnetic conversion?

With low density of integrated metal ions more scarce elements can be used. Like the (not terribly rare but also not terribly abundant) rare earth elements (with f orbitals). The f orbilals are big have low pairing energy and thus like to make low spin centers

The low concentrations under discussion here most likely won't suffice for high level ferromagnetism at room temperature and above.

Related

• Color emulation & passive color gemstone display
• Organic gemstone-like compound
• Sandwich compound
• Organic anorganic gemstone interface
• Salts of oxoacids – a subclass in the wider sense
• Fun with spins
• Optical effects
• Coordinate bond

External links

• Ligand field theory (crystal field theory is insufficient here)
• Spectrochemical series
• chelation
• Ligand
• Metal-organic compound and Metal cluster compound
• Coordination complex – for machine phase a stiff background framework need to be added at least for one bonding direction

Transition from molecules to carbides (and nitrides):

• Metallocarbohedryne
• Metal carbido complex
• Metal nitrido complex

Direct Bridges between metals:

• Transition metal oxo complex most commonly a Bridging ligand
• Transition metal carbene complex – carbon bridge two open bonds (?)
• ...

Metals held by long pins (might deteriorate stiffness quite a bit):
(Carbides [:C≡C:]2–, [::C::]4–, [:C=C=C:]4– Cyanides [:C≡N:]– Cyanates [:O-C≡N:]– Thiocyanates [:S-C≡N:]– Fulminates [:C≡N-O:]– Isothiocyanates [:C≡N-S:]–)

• Transition metal nitrile complex
• Transition metal isocyanide complexes and Cyanometalate
• Metal carbonyl and carbonyl cluster
• Transition metal carbyne complex

Bond capping halides:

• Transition metal chloride complex – eventually useful for at least mechanically stable passivation?
• Transition metal hydride – very weak bonds

Metals held by ...

• Transition metal dithiophosphate complex – metal held by two phosphorus beared sulphurs
• Transition metal dithiocarbamate complexes – metal held by two carbon beared sulfurs
• Metal dithiolene complex – metal held by two ethene beared sulfurs
• Transition_metal_carboxylate_complex – metal held by carbon acid groups
• Transition_metal_complexes_of_aldehydes_and_ketones
• ... there are many more (eventually add some more) – allyl, alkyne, alkene, alkyl, arene, amino acid, acyl, ammine, aquo, ...

Going into the direction of [Mechanosynthetic resource molecule splitting]:

• Transition metal dinitrogen complex
• [1]
• Metal carbon dioxide complex

Misc:

• 1,3,5,7-Hexamethylenetetramine | C6H12N4 – (wikipedia) – maybe usable as a diamondoid stiff linker molecule
• Transition metal pincer complex – stiff due to small loops but planar