Difference between revisions of "Ternary and higher gem-like compounds"
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In the earths mantle and crust silicon and oxygen are the most abundant elements. | In the earths mantle and crust silicon and oxygen are the most abundant elements. | ||
On the borther to earths outer core this changes to iron and nickle. | On the borther to earths outer core this changes to iron and nickle. | ||
| − | Down there the most abundant minearls are made from mixture of those elements: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olivine olivine/peridot] | + | Down there the most abundant minearls are made from mixture of those elements: |
| + | |||
| + | * mixing series of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olivine olivine(wikipedia)] / [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peridot peridot(wikipedia)] - (Mg,Fe)2SiO4 | ||
| + | * with high pressure modifications: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wadsleyite wadseylite] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ringwoodite ringwoodite] | ||
| + | |||
Of interest as diamondoid materials may be the pure end members of the mixing series: | Of interest as diamondoid materials may be the pure end members of the mixing series: | ||
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fayalite Fayalite] Fe<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub> | * [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fayalite Fayalite] Fe<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub> | ||
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* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tephroite Tephroite] Mn<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub> (less interesting since Mn is more scarce) | * [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tephroite Tephroite] Mn<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>4</sub> (less interesting since Mn is more scarce) | ||
* [http://www.americanelements.com/titanium-silicate-nanopowder.html Titanium Silicate] TiSiO<sub>4</sub> | * [http://www.americanelements.com/titanium-silicate-nanopowder.html Titanium Silicate] TiSiO<sub>4</sub> | ||
| + | related mineral: | ||
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titanite Titanite or Sphene] CaTiSiO<sub>5</sub> (optical dispersion exceeding diamond; birefringent) | * [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Titanite Titanite or Sphene] CaTiSiO<sub>5</sub> (optical dispersion exceeding diamond; birefringent) | ||
| − | In nature when iron rich metal is available in stochiometric excess heterogenous [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pallasite pallasite] is formed. This rock looks really beautiful and can be found in some meteroids. | + | In nature when iron rich metal is available in stochiometric excess heterogenous [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pallasite pallasite] is formed. This rock looks really beautiful and can be found in some meteroids - check it out. |
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| + | ---- | ||
Another interesting tertiary material would be CSiO<sub> 4</sub> <br> | Another interesting tertiary material would be CSiO<sub> 4</sub> <br> | ||
Revision as of 08:06, 14 February 2015
Look out for rock forming minerals here
Alkali and earth alkali compounds tend to be rather soluble in binary compounds (you won't find many there) in ternary and higher compounds they tend to form less water soluble minerals. See: compounds with s-block metals
- Ca(OH)2 calcium hydroxide aka slaked lime (rather water soluble)
- CaCO3 calcium carbonate (very slightly soluble)
- MgCO3 magnesium carbonate aka magnesite (slightly soluble)
- Mg3B7O13Cl boracite (very slightly water soluble)
- ... many more
most common metal rich core mantle transition zone minerals
In the earths mantle and crust silicon and oxygen are the most abundant elements. On the borther to earths outer core this changes to iron and nickle. Down there the most abundant minearls are made from mixture of those elements:
- mixing series of olivine(wikipedia) / peridot(wikipedia) - (Mg,Fe)2SiO4
- with high pressure modifications: wadseylite and ringwoodite
Of interest as diamondoid materials may be the pure end members of the mixing series:
- Fayalite Fe2SiO4
- Forsterite Mg2SiO4
- Tephroite Mn2SiO4 (less interesting since Mn is more scarce)
- Titanium Silicate TiSiO4
related mineral:
- Titanite or Sphene CaTiSiO5 (optical dispersion exceeding diamond; birefringent)
In nature when iron rich metal is available in stochiometric excess heterogenous pallasite is formed. This rock looks really beautiful and can be found in some meteroids - check it out.
Another interesting tertiary material would be CSiO 4
a solid intermediate material between CO2(gas) SiO2(solid quartz): [1]
The spinell group (wikipedia)
These oxide minerals are devoid of the ubiquitously present silicon.
aluminum spinells
- MgAl2O4 - wikipedia: spinell
- FeAl2O4 - wikipedia: hercynite
- (Mg,Fe)Al2O4 - wikipedia: caylonite - mixing series inbetween the former two
- ZnAl2O4 - wikipedia: gahnite
- BeAl2O4 - wikipedia: crysoberyll
- MnAl2O4 - wikipedia: galaxite - (with rather rare manganese) - image
iron spinells
- MgFe2O4 - wikipedia: magnesioferrite
- TiFe2O4 - wikipedia: ulvöspinel
- ZnFe2O4 - wikipedia: franklinite
- NiFe2O4 - wikipedia: trevorite
- MnFe2O4 - wikipedia: jacobsite - (with rather rare manganese)
related compound:
- ZnFe3O4 - wikipedia: zinc ferrite - synthetic zinc ferrites
