Bonded forces

The classification is intentionally kept nonstandard here.

(wiki-TODO: Add visual mermaid diagram.)

Nuclear shielding effects

• Bonding orbitals – shielding nuclei by wave-function anti-node in-between
• Anti-bonding orbitals – exposing nuclei by wave-function node in-between

Delocalization stabilization (dual to Pauli repulsion!)

More delocalization and fewer nodes act energy lowering and thus bond-stabilizing

• Multicenter electron deficient bonds (e.g. diborane)
• Conjugated systems (e.g. graphitic/aromatic systems)
• Metallic stabilization (e.g. pyrite, titanium nonmetallides)

Polar/ioninc stabilization

• stabilization due to electron polarity shifts due to electronegativity differences
  (e.g. periclase MgO, bromellite BeO)

Related

• Nonbonded forces