Difference between revisions of "Hydroxide"
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* α-AlO(OH) [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diaspore Diaspore] '''Mohs 6.5-7 (pretty hard!)''' | * α-AlO(OH) [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diaspore Diaspore] '''Mohs 6.5-7 (pretty hard!)''' | ||
| + | * β-AlO(OH) (name abandoned due to inconsistent nomenclature maybe ??) | ||
* γ-AlO(OH) [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boehmite Beohmite] Mohs 3.5 | * γ-AlO(OH) [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boehmite Beohmite] Mohs 3.5 | ||
* γ-Al(OH)<sub>3</sub> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibbsite Gibbsite (Hydrargillite/Bayerite)] Mohs 2.5-3.5 | * γ-Al(OH)<sub>3</sub> [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gibbsite Gibbsite (Hydrargillite/Bayerite)] Mohs 2.5-3.5 | ||
Revision as of 09:48, 6 December 2016
Many hydroxides are rather soft but there are a few exceptions that might be pretty useful as structural building materials.
Contents
Hydroxides of aluminum
- α-AlO(OH) Diaspore Mohs 6.5-7 (pretty hard!)
- β-AlO(OH) (name abandoned due to inconsistent nomenclature maybe ??)
- γ-AlO(OH) Beohmite Mohs 3.5
- γ-Al(OH)3 Gibbsite (Hydrargillite/Bayerite) Mohs 2.5-3.5
Decently hard iron and manganese hydroxides
- α-FeO(OH) Goethite Mohs 5-5.5
- β-FeO(OH) Hydroxy-Akaganeite Mohs ??
- γ-FeO(OH) Lepidocrocite Mohs 5
- δ-FeO(OH) Feroxyhyte Mohs ??
- α-MnO(OH) Groutite Mohs 3.5-4
- β-MnO(OH) Feitknechtite (webminerals) Mohs ??
- γ-MnO(OH) Manganite Mohs 4
Soft hydroxides of earth alkali metals
- Mg(OH)2 Brucite Mohs 2.5-3
- Ca(OH)2 Portlandite Mohs 2
The hydroxides of alkali metals (sodium and potassium - NaOH & KOH) are highly water soluble and form highly basic solutions aggressive to human skin and dangerous to the eyes. They are not suitable for surface exposed building materials.
Hydroxides of more rare elements
- CrOOH Guyanaite Bracewellite Grimaldiite -- Mohs ??
- GaO(OH) Tsumgallit Mohs 1-2 (very soft and containing rare gallium)
- Vanadium hydroxides
Notes
Many hydroxides can be found in the Bauxite Laterite mineral group. Bauxite is today (2016) the primary aluminium ore. With todays non AP technology it's not economically possible to extract aluminium from rocks containing silicon which is the second most common element in earths crust after oxygen. With advanced atomically precise gem-gum-technology red mud could become a better usable resource.
