Base materials with high potential: Difference between revisions
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→Simple rutile structure & hard: added link to page silicon for the stishovite continuum |
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* [[rutile]] TiO<sub>2</sub> | * [[rutile]] TiO<sub>2</sub> | ||
* [[stishovite]] - metastable SiO<sub>2</sub> polymorph - [[rutile structure]] & very hard and dense | * [[stishovite]] - metastable SiO<sub>2</sub> polymorph - [[rutile structure]] & very hard and dense | ||
* [[neo-polymorph]]s with [[rutile structure]] | * [[neo-polymorph]]s with [[rutile structure]] - see: the stishovite continuum on the page about [[silicon]] | ||
== Simple salt structures == | == Simple salt structures == | ||
Revision as of 00:02, 13 April 2021
Very good materials
Best of the best
- diamond and its polymorphs including hexagonal diamond aka lonsdaleite
- moissanite - SiC - high heat resistance
- stishovite and seifertite - metastable ultrahard and dense SiO2 polymorphs
- simple titanium gemstones including: TiN TiP TiC TiSi2 TiB2 TiO2 Ti2O3
Simple rutile structure & hard
- rutile TiO2
- stishovite - metastable SiO2 polymorph - rutile structure & very hard and dense
- neo-polymorphs with rutile structure - see: the stishovite continuum on the page about silicon
Simple salt structures
- periclase MgO
- some transition metal monoxides (TiO, FeO, NiO, ..)
Other
- spinell MgAl2O4 - very hard and cubic
Materials with some weakness
Con: low crystal structure symmetry
- leukosapphire - very hard
- quartz - and other low density polymorphs of SiO2
Con: Rather soft materials
- calcite and aragonite
Others
- garnets - hard and cubic (but big unit cell)
- brommelite BeO - very hard but beryllium is scarce and poisonous