Neo-polymorph: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 19:10, 29 March 2026

(wiki-TODO: There was a significant mixup with neo-isotypes here. Do some more cleanup & checks if transition succeeded.)

This article defines a novel term (that is hopefully sensibly chosen). The term is introduced to make a concept more concrete and understand its interrelationship with other topics related to atomically precise manufacturing. For details go to the page: Neologism.

A neo-polymorphic compound (or neo-isomorphic compound) is a highly (meta)stable non equilibrium polymorph
of a material with a certain fixed stoichiometry that is exclusively accessible through mechanosynthesis.
If just one element is involved the term neo-allotrope can be applied too/instead.

This includes patterns where specifically ordered states are thermodynamically not more attractive
than disordered (or in other undesired form ordered) states but
where a (sufficiently) high activation energy lies between the ordered and unordered states
making the via conventional means inacessible states highly kinetically metastable.

The patterns can be:

different stacking geometry, specific example:
A crossover between Diamond (cubic stacking) and lonsdaleite (hexagonal stacking).
(When pointing up a tetrapod of carbon bonds there are two ways one can orient the up facing three bonds in a six direction hexagon).
changes between different crystal structures of the same composition (adn stoichometry) so long nigh seamless covalent transitions are possible

Excluded here:

changes of atom types and stoichometry falls under neo-isotypes instead:
specific example: A crossover gemstone between Rutile (polymorph of TiO₂) and stishovite (polymorph of SiO₂).
The pattern making elements are Ti & Si. Oxygen atoms stay at their places.

Stacking order patterns:

ABABBABBBBAABABAABAA – unwanted unordered state – may be the only one that is thermodynamically accessible
ABABABABABABABABABAB – unwanted ordered state – may be the only one that is thermodynamically accessible
ABBAABBAABBAABBAABB – neo-polymorph – wanted peculiarly ordered state – not thermodynamically accessible - but accessible via mechanosynthesis

Note: in the case of SiC (moissanite) there is the constraint of no two same letters following adjacently. Above examples for simplicity.

Also neo-polymorphs and neo-isotypes can intermix here to neo gemstones like compounds or neo-gems for short.
All sorts of II-IV semiconductor compounds have fitting structure stacking order variations in {111} directions.
So structural stacking order can be augmented with material type stacking order.
Material stacking order not being constrained to the by {111} directions but by lattice strain.

Note: Thermodynamic accessibility refers to all the crude processes available today (2025)
that only allow to handle matter in statistical quantities: <br< melting, mixing, cooling, pressurizing, irradiating, (cook mix and stir thermodynamic synthesis) ...
This explicitly excludes advanced mechanosynthesis.

Examples

See: pseudo phase diagrams for more details on this.

Dialondeite cubic to hexagonal series
Moissanite cubic to hexagonal series
genrally: cubic zincblende structure to hexagonal wurzite structure series (for all applicable compounds respectively, mostly III-V semiconductors)

Other patternd back and forth transitions between small chunks of highly compatible crystal structures:

withe sapphire to deltalumide (unclear if transitionable)
silicon nitride trigonal alpha to hexagonal beta & (unclear) to cubic gamma
SiO₂ low pressure modification transitions - see page: Quartz
… (wiki-TODO: Find more examples to put here)

External links

Wikipedia pages:

Isotype: (de) Translated citation: "Minerals of the same structural type are called isotypes. They crystallize in the same class of crystals and form similar crystal forms. "
Isotype: (wikipedia de) Isotyp

www.mineralienatlas.de
lists minerals with equal or similar structures for any given mineral
so thhis can serve as a possible starting point to find potential neo-polymorphs

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
+{{wikitodo|There was a significant mixup with '''neo-isotypes''' here. Do some more cleanup & checks if transition succeeded.}}
 {{site specific term}}
-A '''neo-polymorphic compound''' (or neo-isomorphic compound) is a highly stable non equilibrium polymorph of a material with a certain fixed stoichiometry that is exclusively accessible through [[mechanosynthesis]].
-This includes patterns where specifically ordered states are thermodynamically not more attractive than disordered (or in other undesired form ordered) states but where a (sufficiently) high activation energy lies between the ordered and unordered states.
+A '''neo-polymorphic compound''' (or neo-isomorphic compound) is a highly (meta)stable non equilibrium polymorph <br>
+of a material with a certain fixed stoichiometry that is exclusively accessible through [[mechanosynthesis]]. <br>
+If just one element is involved the term '''[[neo-allotrope]]''' can be applied too/instead.
+This includes patterns where specifically ordered states are thermodynamically not more attractive <br>
+than disordered (or in other undesired form ordered) states but <br>
+where a (sufficiently) high activation energy lies between the ordered and unordered states <br>
+making the via conventional means inacessible states highly kinetically metastable. <br>
 The patterns can be:
-* different atom types (elements) ... specific example: A crossover gemstone between Rutile (polymorph of TiO<sub>2</sub>) and stishovite (polymorph of SiO<sub>2</sub>). The pattern making elements are Ti & Si. Oxygen atoms stay at their places.
+* different stacking geometry, specific example: <br>A crossover between Diamond (cubic stacking) and lonsdaleite (hexagonal stacking). <br>(When pointing up a tetrapod of carbon bonds there are two ways one can orient the up facing three bonds in a six direction hexagon).
-* different stacking geometry or ... specific example: A crossover between Diamond (cubic stacking) and lonsdaleite (hexagonal stacking). (When pointing up a tetrapod of carbon bonds there are two ways one can orient the up facing three bonds in a six direction hexagon).
+* changes between different crystal structures of the same composition (adn stoichometry) so long nigh seamless covalent transitions are possible
-* ...
+Excluded here:
+* changes of atom types and stoichometry falls under [[neo-isotypes]] instead: <br>specific example: A crossover gemstone between Rutile (polymorph of TiO<sub>2</sub>) and stishovite (polymorph of SiO<sub>2</sub>). <br>The pattern making elements are Ti & Si. Oxygen atoms stay at their places.
-Patterns:
+Stacking order patterns:
 * ABABBABBBBAABABAABAA – unwanted unordered state – may be the only one that is thermodynamically accessible
 * ABABABABABABABABABAB – unwanted ordered state – may be the only one that is thermodynamically accessible
-* AABBAABBAABBAABBAABB – '''neo-polymorph''' – wanted peculiarly ordered state – not thermodynamically accessible - but accessible via [[mechanosynthesis]]
+* ABBAABBAABBAABBAABB – '''neo-polymorph''' – wanted peculiarly ordered state – not thermodynamically accessible - but accessible via [[mechanosynthesis]]
+Note: in the case of SiC ([[moissanite]]) there is the constraint of no two same letters following adjacently. Above examples for simplicity.
-Of course arbitrary many elements/layertypes/... are allowed. A,B,C,D,...
+Also '''[[neo-polymorphs]] and [[neo-isotypes]] can intermix here to [[neo gemstones like compounds]]''' or '''neo-gems''' for short. <br>
+All sorts of II-IV semiconductor compounds have fitting structure stacking order variations in {111} directions. <br>
+So structural stacking order can be augmented with material type stacking order. <br>
+Material stacking order not being constrained to the by {111} directions but by lattice strain. <br>
-Note: '''Thermodynamic accessibility''' refers to all the crude processes available today (2017) that only allow to handle matter in statistical quantities: melting, mixing, cooling, pressurizing, irradiating, ... This explicitly excludes advanced [[mechanosynthesis]].
+Note: '''Thermodynamic accessibility''' refers to all the crude processes available today (2025) <br>
+that only allow to handle matter in statistical quantities: <br<
+melting, mixing, cooling, pressurizing, irradiating, ([[cook mix and stir thermodynamic synthesis]]) ... <br>
+This explicitly excludes advanced [[mechanosynthesis]].
 == Examples ==
-'''The rutile stishovite neopolymorphic transition:''' <br>
+See: [[pseudo phase diagrams]] for more details on this.
-The common mineral [[rutile]] and the rare mineral [[stishovite]] (made out of the two most common elements in earth crust) share the same crystal structure. The rutile structure.
-Albeit rutile not drawing silicon into its structure naturally (meaning it's thermodynamically unfavourable)
+* [[Dialondeite]] cubic to hexagonal series
-(as can be seen with rutile occuring embedded in quartz https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rutile@quartz.jpg)
+* [[Moissanite]] cubic to hexagonal series
-a forced substitution (at least to some degree) may very well be possible via [[mechanosynthesis|mechanosyntheic]] means
+* genrally: cubic zincblende structure to hexagonal wurzite structure series (for all applicable compounds respectively, mostly III-V semiconductors)
-and the resulting product [[base material]] may very well be highly (meta) stable at room temperature.
+----
+Other patternd back and forth transitions between small chunks of highly compatible crystal structures:
+* [[withe sapphire]] to [[deltalumide]] (unclear if transitionable)
+* [[silicon nitride]] trigonal alpha to hexagonal beta & (unclear) to cubic gamma
+* SiO<sub>2</sub> low pressure modification transitions - see page: [[Quartz]]
+* … {{wikitodo|Find more examples to put here}}
 == Related ==
-* [[pseudo phase diagram]]
+* [[Neo-gems]]
-* [[diamondoid compound]]
+* '''[[Neo-isotypes]]'''
-* [[binary diamondoid compound]]
+----
+* [[Classifications for gemstone like compounds]]
+----
+* '''[[Pseudo phase diagram]]''' - mapping out neo-polymorphs
+* [[Simple crystal structures of especial interest]] - browse there as a starting point
+-----
+* [[Diamondoid compound]]
+* [[Binary diamondoid compound]]
+----
+* [[Kaehler bracket]]s
+----
+'''Examples:'''
+* [[Dialondeite]]
 == External links ==
-* Wikipedia: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymorphism_(materials_science) Polymorphism (materials science)]
+Wikipedia pages:
-* Wikipedia: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymorphs_of_silicon_carbide Polymorphs of silicon carbide]
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymorphism_(materials_science) Polymorphism (materials science)]
-* Wikipedia: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isomer isomer], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereoisomerism stereoisomer], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conformational_isomerism conformational isomer]
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polymorphs_of_silicon_carbide Polymorphs of silicon carbide]
-* Wikipedia: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superstructure_(condensed_matter) Superstructure (condensed matter)]
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isomer isomer], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereoisomerism stereoisomer], [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conformational_isomerism conformational isomer]
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superstructure_(condensed_matter) Superstructure (condensed matter)]
+* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isomorphism_(crystallography) Isomorphism_(crystallography)]
+----
+* Isotype: [https://www.mineralienatlas.de/lexikon/index.php/isotyp?lang=de (de)] Translated citation: "Minerals of the same structural type are called isotypes. They crystallize in the same class of crystals and form similar crystal forms. "
+* Isotype: [https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isotyp (wikipedia de) Isotyp]
+----
+* [https://www.mineralienatlas.de/ www.mineralienatlas.de] <br>lists minerals with equal or similar structures for any given mineral <br> so thhis can serve as a possible starting point to find potential neo-polymorphs
+[[Category:Far term target]]

Neo-polymorph: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 19:10, 29 March 2026

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