Nanoscale surface passivation - Revision history

Apm: Category:Surprising facts

2026-03-29T20:02:19Z

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	* [[Passivation layer mineral]] – This is about macroscale passivation. At the nanoscale [[passivation layer mineral]]s still need passivation to not fuse together.		* [[Passivation layer mineral]] – This is about macroscale passivation. At the nanoscale [[passivation layer mineral]]s still need passivation to not fuse together.
	* [[Seamless covalent welding]]		* [[Seamless covalent welding]]

			[[Category:Surprising facts]]

Apm: /* Passivation by "graphene sheet lining" */

2025-11-13T09:27:24Z

Passivation by "graphene sheet lining"

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 * How well can the graphene smooth out steps below in the underlying material?
 * ... and so on and so forth ...
 = Related =

Apm: /* cubic (111) equivalent to hexagonal (0001) faces */

2025-11-13T08:58:56Z

cubic (111) equivalent to hexagonal (0001) faces

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:58, 13 November 2025
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	* everyting in-between.		* everyting in-between.

	== ~~cubic~~ (111) equivalent to hexagonal (0001) faces ==		== Cubic (111) equivalent to hexagonal (0001) faces ==

	Hydrogen (could be seen as the 0th halogen) works well for passivating cubic diamond (111) faces and equivalents but <br>		Hydrogen (could be seen as the 0th halogen) works well for passivating cubic diamond (111) faces and equivalents but <br>

Apm: /* Passivation of diamondoid compounds */

2025-11-13T08:58:32Z

Passivation of diamondoid compounds

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	= Passivation of diamondoid compounds =		= Passivation of diamondoid compounds =

			{{wikitodo\|Add some illustrative images.}}

	Diamondoid compounds as		Diamondoid compounds as

Apm: /* cubic (111) equivalent to hexagonal (0001) faces */

2025-11-13T08:57:52Z

cubic (111) equivalent to hexagonal (0001) faces

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:57, 13 November 2025
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	Going up the periods chemical reactivity becomes increasingly of concern. <br>		Going up the periods chemical reactivity becomes increasingly of concern. <br>
	Matching the same periods seem self suggesting to mimimize stress and strain(i.e. bending). <br>		Matching the same periods seem self suggesting to mimimize stress and strain(i.e. bending). <br>
	Environment exposure is a much more constraining condition than mutual exposure under vacuum ~~fro~~ a sliding interface. <br>		Environment exposure is a much more constraining condition than mutual exposure under vacuum for a sliding interface. <br>

	Nitrogen N passivation of Si(111) seems quite plausible and even chemically stable. <br>		Nitrogen N passivation of Si(111) seems quite plausible and even chemically stable. <br>
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	Phosporus P passivation off silicon may be quite reactive to even water liking to become phoshoric acid (H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>) <br>		Phosporus P passivation off silicon may be quite reactive to even water liking to become phoshoric acid (H<sub>3</sub>PO<sub>4</sub>) <br>
	But in a vaccuum mutually contactin it might work just fine judging ~~fro~~ tings like phosphorene: <br>		But in a vaccuum mutually contactin it might work just fine judging from tings like phosphorene: <br>
	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphorene		https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphorene

Apm: /* Cubic (100) faces */

2025-11-13T08:57:17Z

Cubic (100) faces

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	– either reconstructued and hydrogen passivated (slight periodic shifts) <br>		– either reconstructued and hydrogen passivated (slight periodic shifts) <br>
	– or passivated with (size matching) chalcogens (O,S,Se,(Te),((Po))) placed exactly at the place where the next layer of atoms would be. <br>		– or passivated with (size matching) chalcogens (O,S,Se,(Te),((Po))) placed exactly at the place where the next layer of atoms would be. <br>
	The latter makes for parallel bridges averting [[~~spapback~~]] instabilities in the direction parallel to these bridges. <br>		The latter makes for parallel bridges averting [[snapback]] instabilities in the direction parallel to these bridges. <br>

	Atom size size, stability (chemical environment and mutual contact), toxicity and abundance considerations <br>		Atom size size, stability (chemical environment and mutual contact), toxicity and abundance considerations <br>

Apm: /* Cubic (110) faces */

2025-11-13T08:57:09Z

Cubic (110) faces

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	– These are a bit smoother than halogen passivated cubic(111) faces. <br>		– These are a bit smoother than halogen passivated cubic(111) faces. <br>
	– These can be passivated using pnictogens replacing the singly bond halogens by lone pairs <br>		– These can be passivated using pnictogens replacing the singly bond halogens by lone pairs <br>
	… averting [[~~spapback~~]] ~~isntabilities~~ and possibly enabling [[repulsive ~~keesome~~ forces]] from the strong dipole moment. <br>		… averting [[snapback]] instabilities and possibly enabling [[repulsive Keesome forces]] from the strong dipole moment. <br>

	== Surface passivation contact forces (exotic vdW forces) ==		== Surface passivation contact forces (exotic vdW forces) ==

Apm: /* Cubic (110) faces */ linebreaks

2025-11-13T08:56:49Z

Cubic (110) faces: linebreaks

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	{{wikitodo\|Add section}}		{{wikitodo\|Add section}}

	– These can be halogen passivated (particularly hydrogen passivated) without extreme hydrogen overcrowding.		– These can be halogen passivated (particularly hydrogen passivated) without extreme hydrogen overcrowding. <br>
	… there is still some crowding that may cause some minute train.		… there is still some crowding that may cause some minute train. <br>
	– These are a bit smoother than halogen passivated cubic(111) faces.		– These are a bit smoother than halogen passivated cubic(111) faces. <br>
	– These can be passivated using pnictogens replacing the singly bond halogens by lone pairs		– These can be passivated using pnictogens replacing the singly bond halogens by lone pairs <br>
	… averting [[spapback]] isntabilities and possibly enabling [[repulsive keesome forces]] from the strong dipole moment.		… averting [[spapback]] isntabilities and possibly enabling [[repulsive keesome forces]] from the strong dipole moment. <br>

	== Surface passivation contact forces (exotic vdW forces) ==		== Surface passivation contact forces (exotic vdW forces) ==

Apm: /* Cubic (110) faces */

2025-11-13T08:56:21Z

Cubic (110) faces

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	{{wikitodo\|Add section}}		{{wikitodo\|Add section}}

			– These can be halogen passivated (particularly hydrogen passivated) without extreme hydrogen overcrowding.
			… there is still some crowding that may cause some minute train.
			– These are a bit smoother than halogen passivated cubic(111) faces.
			– These can be passivated using pnictogens replacing the singly bond halogens by lone pairs
			… averting [[spapback]] isntabilities and possibly enabling [[repulsive keesome forces]] from the strong dipole moment.

			== Surface passivation contact forces (exotic vdW forces) ==

			'''Side-notes on exotic parts of vdW forcesforces:'''

			To get repulsive Keesome forces from surface dipoles parts need to be guided so <br>
			they can't escape the undesired oppositions by rotating out of the way. <br>

			To get stronger attractive force than "normal" vdW forces <br>
			(just the virual dipole to virtual dipole london dispersion forces of e.g. two hydrogen passivated diamonds facing each other) <br>
			one can pair a nitrogen passivated surface with a hydrogen passivated surface. <br>
			I.e. dipol to induced dipole forces aka Debye forces. <br>
			These may be weak {{todo\|Investigate the strencgt of such interactuons.}} <br>

			Even stronger (attraqctive dipole to dipole keesome forces) <br>
			would require one surface with an opposite dipole moment. <br>
			But positive polarity i.e. boron (or even aluminum) passivation <br>
			is more questionable to achieve than the negative polarity. <br>
			Subsurface boron in slilicon is known and nonmechanosynthetically accessible. <br>
			A full boron layer on the top layer will remain to be seen if it can be mechanosynthesized. <br>

			Noter that a direct nitrogen to boron contact would make for extremely strong <br>
			datively bonding connection that is no longer a mobile interface. <br>
			like bulk sp3 boron nitrides being in the ballpark of bonding strenght of diamond. <br>

	= Passivation of silicon containing gemstone like compounds =		= Passivation of silicon containing gemstone like compounds =

Apm: all sections one level up

2025-11-13T08:36:28Z

all sections one level up

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:36, 13 November 2025
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	{{wikitodo\|eventually merge in the old duplicate page [[Surface passivation]]}}		{{wikitodo\|eventually merge in the old duplicate page [[Surface passivation]]}}

	== Protection against oxidation ==		= Protection against oxidation =

	This is not as important as it sounds. <br>		This is not as important as it sounds. <br>
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	Itnuiton: An apple or a babana does not get brown unless you cut them open.		Itnuiton: An apple or a babana does not get brown unless you cut them open.

	== passivation of diamond, lonsdaleite and other allotropes of carbon ==		= passivation of diamond, lonsdaleite and other allotropes of carbon =

	Diamond and it's allotropes are best passivated with hydrogen. <br>		Diamond and it's allotropes are best passivated with hydrogen. <br>
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	gasoline and all of our current day plastics. <br>		gasoline and all of our current day plastics. <br>

	== Passivation of diamondoid compounds ==		= Passivation of diamondoid compounds =

	Diamondoid compounds as		Diamondoid compounds as
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	* everyting in-between.		* everyting in-between.

	=== cubic (111) equivalent to hexagonal (0001) faces ===		== cubic (111) equivalent to hexagonal (0001) faces ==

	Hydrogen (could be seen as the 0th halogen) works well for passivating cubic diamond (111) faces and equivalents but <br>		Hydrogen (could be seen as the 0th halogen) works well for passivating cubic diamond (111) faces and equivalents but <br>
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	Generally a lot over averaging tricks can be played over slightly larger scales. <br>		Generally a lot over averaging tricks can be played over slightly larger scales. <br>

	=== Cubic (100) faces ===		== Cubic (100) faces ==

	For diamond hydrogen or halogen passivation would be unphysically overcrowsws. <br>		For diamond hydrogen or halogen passivation would be unphysically overcrowsws. <br>
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	That beside diverging in chemical behavior from its group members above. <br>		That beside diverging in chemical behavior from its group members above. <br>

	=== Cubic (110) faces ===		== Cubic (110) faces ==

	{{wikitodo\|Add section}}		{{wikitodo\|Add section}}

	== Passivation of silicon containing gemstone like compounds ==		= Passivation of silicon containing gemstone like compounds =

	In the case of pure silicon the bigger size of silicon atoms already makes for more pronounced surface corrugations in case of a hydrogen passivation. <br>		In the case of pure silicon the bigger size of silicon atoms already makes for more pronounced surface corrugations in case of a hydrogen passivation. <br>
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	* look for similar less sparse materials [[stishovite]] instead of [[quartz]] (both polymorphs of [[Silicon dioxide]] SiO<sub>2</sub>		* look for similar less sparse materials [[stishovite]] instead of [[quartz]] (both polymorphs of [[Silicon dioxide]] SiO<sub>2</sub>

	== Passivations for transition metal monoxides ==		= Passivations for transition metal monoxides =

	Maybe these could be covered with graphene? <br>		Maybe these could be covered with graphene? <br>
	See: [[Sandwich compound]]		See: [[Sandwich compound]]

	== Passivation by "graphene sheet lining" ==		= Passivation by "graphene sheet lining" =

	It may be possible to passivate some base materials by tacking on graphene sheets onto the surface. <br>		It may be possible to passivate some base materials by tacking on graphene sheets onto the surface. <br>
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	* ... and so on and so forth ...		* ... and so on and so forth ...

	== Related ==		= Related =

	* '''[[Chemical stability]]'''		* '''[[Chemical stability]]'''