Mechanical computation - Revision history

Apm: /* Related */

2022-02-02T13:27:08Z

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	* [[nanomechanical computation]]		* [[nanomechanical computation]]
	* Analogy between electrical and mechanical quantities		* Analogy between electrical and mechanical quantities <br>See: [[The mechanoelectrical correspondence]]

	== External links ==		== External links ==

Apm: /* A note on ternary (3-valued) logic */ radix efficiency -> r. economy

2017-07-19T18:36:33Z

A note on ternary (3-valued) logic: radix efficiency -> r. economy

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:36, 19 July 2017
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	* Nanomechanic computation has robustness against ionizing radiation (in case too filigree structure are avoided like e.g. single bonded ethyne chains). Note that with this design decision one looses the benefit of '''highly compact design''' though.		* Nanomechanic computation has robustness against ionizing radiation (in case too filigree structure are avoided like e.g. single bonded ethyne chains). Note that with this design decision one looses the benefit of '''highly compact design''' though.

	== A note on ~~Ternary~~ (3-valued) logic ==		== A note on ternary (3-valued) logic ==

	Mechanical computing systems may make ternary logic more easy to implement. The benefits of ternary logic are questionable though.		Mechanical computing systems may make ternary logic more easy to implement. The benefits of ternary logic are questionable though.
	While in principle ternary has a better '''radix ~~efficiency~~''' than binary in adder circuits (a very core component of most computing systems) the gained benefit in the adding logic seems to be lost with the carry bit logic. {{todo\|add link to relevant web-pag(es)}}		While in principle ternary has a better '''radix economy''' than binary in adder circuits (a very core component of most computing systems) the gained benefit in the adding logic seems to be lost with the carry bit logic. {{todo\|add link to relevant web-pag(es)}}
	There are more possible ternary logic gates than binary ones. This may sometimes make design more complicated and less intuitive. Automated design tools can help.		There are more possible ternary logic gates than binary ones. This may sometimes make design more complicated and less intuitive. Automated design tools can help.

Apm: major amount of new information - maybe move to other pages soon

2017-07-19T17:52:44Z

major amount of new information - maybe move to other pages soon

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 {{stub}}
-{{todo|add info about Makromechanical computation}}
+{{todo|add info about Macromechanical computation}}
 == Related ==
 * [[nanomechanical computation]]
 [[Category:Information]]

Apm: Category:Information

2017-07-16T06:01:59Z

Category:Information

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			{{stub}}
			{{todo\|add info about Makromechanical computation}}

	~~Todo: add info about Makromechanical computation~~		== Related ==
	[[nanomechanical computation]]
			* [[nanomechanical computation]]

			[[Category:Information]]

Apm: moved content to nanomechanical computation

2014-07-29T16:39:23Z

moved content to nanomechanical computation

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	~~= Why nanomechanical logic =~~

	* It can be built smaller than nanoelectronics (bound atoms practically do not tunnel away like electrons)		Todo: add info about Makromechanical computation
	* It is easier to do [[exploratory engineering]] about ~~nanomechanics than nanoelectronics. (See: [[non mechanical technology path]]).~~		[[nanomechanical computation]]

	~~= Basic elements =~~

	~~=== Differentials ===~~

	~~One of the most important things in any computer are wires and forks of them.~~

	~~The mechanical elements that correspond to simple electrical connections (solder points) are~~
	~~mechanical differentials (that includes planetary gear assemblies and linear versions).~~
	The angular speed (corresponding to electrical current) distributes proportional to the loads ([[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Current_divider current divider]). (Simple splitups of geartrains act like [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage_divider Voltage divider]s)

	~~=== Testing element (gate) ===~~

	~~As in electronic~~ computation ~~a single [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NOR_logic universal type of logical gate] is sufficient to create any 'programmable logic arrays'.~~
	[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmable_Logic_Array (PLA)] can be made. See: disjunctive or conjunctive normal form ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disjunctive_normal_form DNF] / [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjunctive_normal_form CNF])

	~~In a clocked gate the input moves a blocking part in the way of the output (or not). Both are spring loaded.~~
	~~(Instant chain logic gates work differently)~~

	~~=== Sequencing mechanism ===~~

	~~The analog power-source must somehow be converted in a digital sequence.~~
	~~Too harsh jumps in acceleration may increase power-dissipation.~~

	~~Quantum dispersion through anharmonic potential (see:~~ [~~http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coherent_states coherent states]) is probably not to expect even at low temperatures~~ [~~To investigate!]. A connected~~ nanomechanical ~~system will have a quite high mass in daltons.~~

	~~= Reversible mechanical logic =~~

	~~[[Reversible data processing\|Reversible]] mechanics means: whenever an elastic element (a spring) is de-tensioned it must feed back its stored energy into the energy source.~~

	~~Testing a clocked reversible mechanical gate is done via pulling pushing turning twisting or whatever against a potential steric hindrance obstacle~~
	~~that was put in place (or not) by the precedent gate .~~
	~~As long as the outputs are in use the inputs cannot be removed. If they would be removed all consecutive outputs would snap back - BAD.~~
	~~Thus the testing clock signal must rise like a bar graph display.~~

	~~This is best done till an appropriate~~ computation ~~result is reached that has way viewer bits than the intermediate computation steps that lead there.~~
	~~This result can then be copied into a storage register and the output deleted. Meaning a view testing springs snap back irreversible and release their energy into the background heat bath.~~

	~~Finally one let the bar graph clock signal stepwisely recede letting go of the testing gates in reverse order and pushing back the energy into the energy source (e.g. a flywheel).~~
	~~One could say one un-computes the intermediate data garbage.~~

	~~This hole process is called a '''retractile cascade'''~~

	~~The energy swings back and forth between the energy storage and the many logic gates.~~
	~~Tree like distributed though mechanical differenials.~~

	~~----~~

	~~In a programmable logic array (PLA) first the gates in the AND-plane and then the gates in the OR-plane must be evaluated in sequence.~~
	~~The results may be fed back into other yet unevaluated parts of the PLA for a second and further rounds.~~

	~~If the negated bits are always computated in parallel the the energy stored in the springs in the gates when in evaluated state is always the same.~~
	~~Swing overshoot can be made minimal. ['''Todo:''' explain in more detail~~]

	~~=== Drive for retractile cascade ===~~

	~~Assuming rotative logic a possible method to generate the "bar graph display clock signal" may be like follows:~~

	~~A binary tree of differentials to a locked chain of gears (blocked gears or geneva drives may be usable).~~
	All gears are spring loaded and only the first one is unlocked. the torque propagates through the differential tree and turns the first gear till the endstop. This in turn unlocks the second gear. Then comes the third and so on and so forth.

	~~= Concrete implementations =~~

	* rod logic
	* rotative logic (lower maximum density of logic devices)
	* pure flexture logic
	* ...

	~~= Benefits of low friction =~~

	~~Mechanical logical gates can either be elements that form '''instantaneous chains''' or elements that must be by a '''testing clock signal'''.~~
	~~Due to the [[superlubrication\|exceptionally low friction]] of nanomechanical bearings it should be no problem to make instantaneous chains quite long.~~
	~~Also Differential gear trees with log(n) depth shouldn't pose a problem out of this reason.~~

	~~= Usage as analogous devices =~~

	* differentials act as analog adders
	* gear ratios act as fixed ratio multiplication
	* there's a linkage mechanism for continuous multiplication

	~~= External links =~~

	* [http://www.zyvex.com/nanotech/mechano.html Two Types of Mechanical Reversible Logic]

Apm: /* Reversible mechanical logic */

2014-07-29T16:18:17Z

Reversible mechanical logic

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	= Reversible mechanical logic =		= Reversible mechanical logic =

	Reversible mechanics means: whenever an elastic element (a spring) is de-tensioned it must feed back its stored energy into the energy source.		[[Reversible data processing\|Reversible]] mechanics means: whenever an elastic element (a spring) is de-tensioned it must feed back its stored energy into the energy source.

	Testing a clocked reversible mechanical gate is done via pulling pushing turning twisting or whatever against a potential steric hindrance obstacle		Testing a clocked reversible mechanical gate is done via pulling pushing turning twisting or whatever against a potential steric hindrance obstacle

Apm at 16:10, 29 July 2014

2014-07-29T16:10:31Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:10, 29 July 2014
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	~~{{stub}}~~		= Why nanomechanical logic =

	== Basic elements ==		* It can be built smaller than nanoelectronics (bound atoms practically do not tunnel away like electrons)
			* It is easier to do [[exploratory engineering]] about nanomechanics than nanoelectronics. (See: [[non mechanical technology path]]).

			= Basic elements =

	=== Differentials ===		=== Differentials ===
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	Quantum dispersion through anharmonic potential (see: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coherent_states coherent states]) is probably not to expect even at low temperatures [To investigate!]. A connected nanomechanical system will have a quite high mass in daltons.		Quantum dispersion through anharmonic potential (see: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coherent_states coherent states]) is probably not to expect even at low temperatures [To investigate!]. A connected nanomechanical system will have a quite high mass in daltons.

			= Reversible mechanical logic =
	== Reversible mechanical logic ==

	Reversible mechanics means: whenever an elastic element (a spring) is de-tensioned it must feed back its stored energy into the energy source.		Reversible mechanics means: whenever an elastic element (a spring) is de-tensioned it must feed back its stored energy into the energy source.
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	If the negated bits are always computated in parallel the the energy stored in the springs in the gates when in evaluated state is always the same.		If the negated bits are always computated in parallel the the energy stored in the springs in the gates when in evaluated state is always the same.
	Swing overshoot can be made minimal. ['''Todo:''' explain in more detail]		Swing overshoot can be made minimal. ['''Todo:''' explain in more detail]


	=== Drive for retractile cascade ===		=== Drive for retractile cascade ===
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	All gears are spring loaded and only the first one is unlocked. the torque propagates through the differential tree and turns the first gear till the endstop. This in turn unlocks the second gear. Then comes the third and so on and so forth.		All gears are spring loaded and only the first one is unlocked. the torque propagates through the differential tree and turns the first gear till the endstop. This in turn unlocks the second gear. Then comes the third and so on and so forth.

	== Concrete implementations ==		= Concrete implementations =

	* rod logic		* rod logic
	* rotative logic		* rotative logic (lower maximum density of logic devices)
	* pure flexture logic		* pure flexture logic
	* ...		* ...

	== Benefits of low friction ==		= Benefits of low friction =

	Mechanical logical gates can either be elements that form '''instantaneous chains''' or elements that must be by a '''testing clock signal'''.		Mechanical logical gates can either be elements that form '''instantaneous chains''' or elements that must be by a '''testing clock signal'''.
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	Also Differential gear trees with log(n) depth shouldn't pose a problem out of this reason.		Also Differential gear trees with log(n) depth shouldn't pose a problem out of this reason.

	== Usage as analogous devices ==		= Usage as analogous devices =

	* differentials act as analog adders		* differentials act as analog adders
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	* there's a linkage mechanism for continuous multiplication		* there's a linkage mechanism for continuous multiplication

	== External links ==		= External links =

	* [http://www.zyvex.com/nanotech/mechano.html Two Types of Mechanical Reversible Logic]		* [http://www.zyvex.com/nanotech/mechano.html Two Types of Mechanical Reversible Logic]

Apm at 16:01, 29 July 2014

2014-07-29T16:01:47Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:01, 29 July 2014
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	{{stub}}		{{stub}}


	~~With a single type of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NOR_logic universal logical gate] any 'programmable logic arrays'~~
	[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmable_Logic_Array (PLA)] can be made by putting many of them together in disjunctive or conjunctive normal form ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disjunctive_normal_form DNF] / [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjunctive_normal_form CNF])


	== Basic elements ==		== Basic elements ==

	=== ~~differentials~~ ===		=== Differentials ===

	One of the most important things in any computer are wires and forks of them.		One of the most important things in any computer are wires and forks of them.
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	The angular speed (corresponding to electrical current) distributes proportional to the loads ([[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Current_divider current divider]). (Simple splitups of geartrains act like [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage_divider Voltage divider]s)		The angular speed (corresponding to electrical current) distributes proportional to the loads ([[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Current_divider current divider]). (Simple splitups of geartrains act like [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage_divider Voltage divider]s)

	=== ~~testing~~ element (gate) ===		=== Testing element (gate) ===

	~~The~~ input moves a blocking part in the way of the output.		As in electronic computation a single [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NOR_logic universal type of logical gate] is sufficient to create any 'programmable logic arrays'.
			[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmable_Logic_Array (PLA)] can be made. See: disjunctive or conjunctive normal form ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disjunctive_normal_form DNF] / [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjunctive_normal_form CNF])

			In a clocked gate the input moves a blocking part in the way of the output (or not). Both are spring loaded.
	(Instant chain logic gates work differently)		(Instant chain logic gates work differently)

	=== ~~sequencing~~ mechanism ===		=== Sequencing mechanism ===

			The analog power-source must somehow be converted in a digital sequence.
			Too harsh jumps in acceleration may increase power-dissipation.

			Quantum dispersion through anharmonic potential (see: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coherent_states coherent states]) is probably not to expect even at low temperatures [To investigate!]. A connected nanomechanical system will have a quite high mass in daltons.


	== Reversible mechanical logic ==		== Reversible mechanical logic ==

Apm: /* testing element (gate) */

2014-07-29T15:41:24Z

testing element (gate)

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:41, 29 July 2014
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	=== testing element (gate) ===		=== testing element (gate) ===

			The input moves a blocking part in the way of the output.
			(Instant chain logic gates work differently)

	=== sequencing mechanism ===		=== sequencing mechanism ===

Apm at 14:46, 29 July 2014

2014-07-29T14:46:19Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:46, 29 July 2014
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	{{stub}}		{{stub}}

	~~mechanical differentials (that includes planetary gear assemblies and linear versions) correspond to simple electrical connections (solder points)~~
	~~the angular speed (corresponding to electrical current) distributes proportional to the loads.~~

			With a single type of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NOR_logic universal logical gate] any 'programmable logic arrays'
			[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmable_Logic_Array (PLA)] can be made by putting many of them together in disjunctive or conjunctive normal form ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disjunctive_normal_form DNF] / [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjunctive_normal_form CNF])

	~~Mechanical logical gates can either be elements that form '''instantaneous chains''' or elements that must be by a '''testing clock signal'''.~~

			== Basic elements ==

	~~With a single type of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NOR_logic universal logical gate] any 'programmable logic arrays'~~		=== differentials ===
	[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Programmable_Logic_Array (PLA)] can be made by putting many of them together in disjunctive or conjunctive normal form ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disjunctive_normal_form DNF] / [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conjunctive_normal_form CNF])

			One of the most important things in any computer are wires and forks of them.

	== elements ==		The mechanical elements that correspond to simple electrical connections (solder points) are
			mechanical differentials (that includes planetary gear assemblies and linear versions).
			The angular speed (corresponding to electrical current) distributes proportional to the loads ([[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Current_divider current divider]). (Simple splitups of geartrains act like [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage_divider Voltage divider]s)

	* differentials		=== testing element (gate) ===
	* testing element (gate)
	* sequencing mechanism

			=== sequencing mechanism ===

	== Reversible mechanical logic ==		== Reversible mechanical logic ==
Line 62:		Line 63:
	* ...		* ...

	== analogous ~~usage~~ ==		== Benefits of low friction ==

			Mechanical logical gates can either be elements that form '''instantaneous chains''' or elements that must be by a '''testing clock signal'''.
			Due to the [[superlubrication\|exceptionally low friction]] of nanomechanical bearings it should be no problem to make instantaneous chains quite long.
			Also Differential gear trees with log(n) depth shouldn't pose a problem out of this reason.

			== Usage as analogous devices ==

	* differentials act as analog adders		* differentials act as analog adders