Macroscale surface passivation - Revision history

Apm at 13:06, 21 June 2021

2021-06-21T13:06:52Z

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	compared to what we now have with anodizing. See related page: [[Inert shell thickness]]. <br>		compared to what we now have with anodizing. See related page: [[Inert shell thickness]]. <br>
	[[Emulated elasticity]] could massively increase the toughness of protective layers while still retaining high hardness. <br>		[[Emulated elasticity]] could massively increase the toughness of protective layers while still retaining high hardness. <br>
	This could make surfaces that are for all practically ~~purpouses~~ unscratchable by accident. <br>		This could make surfaces that are for all practically purposes unscratchable by accident. <br>
	And that still feel hard and glassy rather than plasticy.		And that still feel hard and glassy rather than plasticy.

Apm: removed stub marker

2021-06-21T13:05:55Z

removed stub marker

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	~~{{stub}}~~

	Almost all metals except the most noble ones form more or less <br>		Almost all metals except the most noble ones form more or less <br>
	stable protective oxide layers on their surfaces when <br>		stable protective oxide layers on their surfaces when <br>

Apm: /* Related */ added links to two yet unwritten pages

2021-06-13T14:16:35Z

Related: added links to two yet unwritten pages

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	macroscopic [[gem-gum products]] and thus well protected from things like oxygen.		macroscopic [[gem-gum products]] and thus well protected from things like oxygen.

	== ~~Reated~~ ==		== Related ==

	* [[Passivation (disambiguation)]]		* [[Passivation (disambiguation)]]
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	* [[Inert shell thickness of gem-gum products]]		* [[Inert shell thickness of gem-gum products]]
	* [[Inner compartmentalization of gem-gum products]]		* [[Inner compartmentalization of gem-gum products]]
			* [[Skin]] – (potentially misleading bio-analogy) – [[Gem-gum housing shell]]

Apm: /* Reated / added Passivation (disambiguation)

2021-05-19T15:48:13Z

Reated: added * Passivation (disambiguation)

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	== Reated ==		== Reated ==

			* [[Passivation (disambiguation)]]
	* [[Passivation layer mineral]]		* [[Passivation layer mineral]]
	* [[Pure metals and metal alloys]]		* [[Pure metals and metal alloys]]

Apm: /* Reated */ added links to two yet unwritten pages

2021-05-16T09:19:33Z

Reated: added links to two yet unwritten pages

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	* [[Nanoscale surface passivation]]		* [[Nanoscale surface passivation]]
	* [[Nanomachinery encapsulation]]		* [[Nanomachinery encapsulation]]
			* [[Inert shell thickness of gem-gum products]]
			* [[Inner compartmentalization of gem-gum products]]

Apm: /* High speed of layer formation and buildup to high thickness fro the nano perspective */ fixed typo: fro => from

2021-05-16T08:57:58Z

High speed of layer formation and buildup to high thickness fro the nano perspective: fixed typo: fro => from

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	And that still feel hard and glassy rather than plasticy.		And that still feel hard and glassy rather than plasticy.

	== High speed of layer formation and buildup to high thickness ~~fro~~ the nano perspective ==		== High speed of layer formation and buildup to high thickness from the nano perspective ==

	The naturally forming protective oxide layers are often thin enough to be optically transparent. <br>		The naturally forming protective oxide layers are often thin enough to be optically transparent. <br>

Apm: added headlines - added note on APM made superior protective layers - added noble metal passivation layer forming compounds

2021-05-16T08:57:16Z

added headlines - added note on APM made superior protective layers - added noble metal passivation layer forming compounds

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	Even the quite noble metals copper and silver quickly form passivation layers on their surfaces <br>		Even the quite noble metals copper and silver quickly form passivation layers on their surfaces <br>
	when observed at the nanoscale.		when observed at the nanoscale.

			== Did you know? You never have actually touched a metal. (well almost) ==

	When we touch metals what we touch are actually the protective oxide layers on their surfaces. <br>		When we touch metals what we touch are actually the protective oxide layers on their surfaces. <br>
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	[[Passivation layer mineral]].		[[Passivation layer mineral]].

	The only other thing than a passivation layer mineral that you may unknowingly touch when		The only other thing than a passivation layer mineral that you may unknowingly touch when <br>
	touching what seems like a metal is a layer of clear (organic) lacquer.		touching what seems like a metal is a layer of clear (organic) lacquer.

	More nobles metals like copper and silver react with other things present in the atmosphere than oxygen to a good part.		== Passivation layer formation on more noble metals ==

			More nobles metals like copper and silver react with other things present in the atmosphere than oxygen to a good part. <br>
			E.g. the carbon dioxide and some traces of sulfur oxides in the atmosphere.

			== Artificial macroscale passivation layers ==

	When the oxide layers are intentionally artificially thickened (for optical and or protective effect) <br>		When the oxide layers are intentionally artificially thickened (for optical and or protective effect) <br>
	e.g. by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anodizing anodizing] (but there are other means too) then <br>		e.g. by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anodizing anodizing] (but there are other means too) then <br>
	the passivation layer mineral is easily optically visibly, sometimes in bright iridescent colors due to interference effects of the light with the thin		the passivation layer mineral is easily optically visibly, sometimes in bright iridescent colors <br>
			due to interference effects of the light with the thin
	transparent oxide layer.		transparent oxide layer.

			By means of production via [[gem-gum on-chip factories]] way better thin protective layers will be producible <br>
			compared to what we now have with anodizing. See related page: [[Inert shell thickness]]. <br>
			[[Emulated elasticity]] could massively increase the toughness of protective layers while still retaining high hardness. <br>
			This could make surfaces that are for all practically purpouses unscratchable by accident. <br>
			And that still feel hard and glassy rather than plasticy.

			== High speed of layer formation and buildup to high thickness fro the nano perspective ==

	The naturally forming protective oxide layers are often thin enough to be optically transparent. <br>		The naturally forming protective oxide layers are often thin enough to be optically transparent. <br>

Apm: basic version of the page

2021-05-16T08:39:39Z

basic version of the page

New page

{{stub}}

Almost all metals except the most noble ones form more or less 
stable protective oxide layers on their surfaces when 
exposed to oxygen and eventually also moisture possibly with salts dissolved.

There are very few exceptions including e.g. Gold. 
Even the quite noble metals copper and silver quickly form passivation layers on their surfaces 
when observed at the nanoscale.

When we touch metals what we touch are actually the protective oxide layers on their surfaces. 
Not actually the metals themselves. 
What gemstone you actually touch when you touch a metal you can look up on this page here: 
[[Passivation layer mineral]].

The only other thing than a passivation layer mineral that you may unknowingly touch when
touching what seems like a metal is a layer of clear (organic) lacquer.

More nobles metals like copper and silver react with other things present in the atmosphere than oxygen to a good part.

When the oxide layers are intentionally artificially thickened (for optical and or protective effect) 
e.g. by [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anodizing anodizing] (but there are other means too) then 
the passivation layer mineral is easily optically visibly, sometimes in bright iridescent colors due to interference effects of the light with the thin
transparent oxide layer.

The naturally forming protective oxide layers are often thin enough to be optically transparent. 
Especially when still young on very freshly created surfaces (by breaking, casting or deforming). 
But the first atomic layers of oxides usually build up extremely fast. 
This would be devastating for exposed nanomachinery made from metal. 
So there won't be such a thing.

== Relation to nanoscale passivation ==

Nanoscale parts made from [[Pure metals and metal alloys|metals or alloys]] rather than [[Gemstone-like molecular element| made from already oxidized gemstone]] 
would in most cases quickly oxidize when exposed to air forming a thick imperfect oxide layer that is thicker than 
the whole part itself and thus destroying the part. 
Most nanomachinery will be [[Nanomachinery encapsulation|well encapsulated]] and located inside of 
macroscopic [[gem-gum products]] and thus well protected from things like oxygen.

== Reated ==

* [[Passivation layer mineral]]
* [[Pure metals and metal alloys]]
* [[Nanoscale surface passivation]]
* [[Nanomachinery encapsulation]]