Direct path - Revision history

Apm: Category:Direct path

2026-03-29T19:04:43Z

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	[[Category:General]]		[[Category:General]]
	[[Category:Disquisition]]		[[Category:Disquisition]]
			[[Category:Direct path]]

Apm at 13:56, 6 October 2024

2024-10-06T13:56:57Z

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	[[File:INfAPM-concept-video screen-capture.png\|400px\|thumb\|right\|This is a '''screen capture from a concept animation video''' that was created in the context of the '''"Integrated Nanosystems for Atomically Precise Manufacturing Workshop – August 5-6, 2015"'''. The proposal contains several already experimentally created and shown materials and techniques that on their own were already cutting edge combined into one systems. This is pushing the limits hard and very much falls under the direct approach.]]		[[File:INfAPM-concept-video screen-capture.png\|400px\|thumb\|right\|This is a '''screen capture from a concept animation video''' that was created in the context of the '''"Integrated Nanosystems for Atomically Precise Manufacturing Workshop – August 5-6, 2015"'''. The proposal contains several already experimentally created and shown materials and techniques that on their own were already cutting edge combined into one systems. This is pushing the limits hard and very much falls under the direct approach.]]
	[[File:self-replicating-assembler-unit.png\|thumb\|Artistic depiction of a mobile assembler unit capable of self replication (linked to a "crystal" of assemblers and thus not ''free floating''). '''An outdated idea sometimes associated with the direct path.''' Factory style [[productive nanosystem]]s have also been discussed in the context of the direct path.]]		[[File:self-replicating-assembler-unit.png\|thumb\| '''OUTDATED''' – Artistic depiction of a mobile assembler unit capable of self replication (linked to a "crystal" of assemblers and thus not ''free floating''). '''An outdated idea sometimes associated with the direct path.''' Factory style [[productive nanosystem]]s have also been discussed in the context of the direct path.]]

	The ''direct path'' is a second [[Pathways to advanced APM systems\|pathway to advanced APM systems]] beside the [[incremental path]].		The ''direct path'' is a second [[Pathways to advanced APM systems\|pathway to advanced APM systems]] beside the [[incremental path]].

Apm: /* Current state */

2024-08-01T22:44:30Z

Current state

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	== Current state ==		== Current state ==

	The most advanced part of the direct path currently (2017-06) seems to be the ~~technolpgy~~ of <br>		The most advanced part of the direct path currently (2017-06) seems to be the technology of <br>
	"patterned layer epitaxy" aka "patterned atomic layer epitaxy" (patterned ALE) or more specific: hydrogen depassivation lithography (HDL)<br>		"patterned layer epitaxy" aka "patterned atomic layer epitaxy" (patterned ALE) or more specific: hydrogen depassivation lithography (HDL)<br>
	(HDL was first demonstrated by Prof. Joe Lyding of University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1994)		(HDL was first demonstrated by Prof. Joe Lyding of University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 1994)

Apm: /* Difficulties / hurdles */ moved quite a bit over to new page Early prototyping of piezochemical mechanosynthesis

2024-08-01T22:44:00Z

Difficulties / hurdles: moved quite a bit over to new page Early prototyping of piezochemical mechanosynthesis

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	* [[Direct path scaling to macroscale productive nanosystems]]		* [[Direct path scaling to macroscale productive nanosystems]]

	== ~~Difficulties / hurdles~~ ==		== Scaling approaches ==

	~~There are several hard hurdles where progress seems slow. Like:~~

	* relatively slow progression of miniaturization of [[scanning probe microscopy\|SPM]] and consequently ...
	* ... little increase of speed at which [[scanning probe microscopy\|scanning probe microscopes (SPMs)]] with [[positional atomic precision]] can operate.
	* except very view hard to find instances there there are barely any attempts of miniaturizing UHV vacuum systems {{wikitodo\| add links to UHV miniaturization attempts}}
	* Due to very little control of the tip apex structure and even less of the rest of the tips conical widening behind multi-tip-interactions (anything going beyond surface-to-tip-interaction like tip-tip or tip-surface-tip or tip-tip-tip) is still far out of reach.
	* very poor handling of steps bigger than a single atom (slow response z control + z drift) => crashes in up-steps - "shadows" in down-steps

	Low speed, relatively bad vacuum and high error rate leads to the necessity of keeping the produced atomically precise ([[positional atomic precision\|precise in position not only topology]]) diamondoid designs rather small.

	* Restriction to minimal hydrocarbon designs that exclude further chemical elements. See the [[Discussion of proposed nanofactory designs]].
	* Possibly a hydrosilicon design instead of a hydrocarbon design if silicon becomes mechanosynthesizable before carbon. <br> Current experimental "high temperature" (70K...300K) mechanosynthesis demonstrations all use silicon. Carbon is still stuck in theory (See papers linked on the page about [[mechanosynthesis]]).

	One (maybe rather hard) approach towards [[Technology level III\|advanced gem-gum technology]] is to [[skipping technology levels\|skip the outlined technology levels]] of the [[incremental path]] and try to create at least one necessarily very small and simple hydrocarbon [[robotic mechanosyntesis core]]** from which via exponential assembly a nanofactory can be spawned.		One (maybe rather hard) approach towards [[Technology level III\|advanced gem-gum technology]] is to [[skipping technology levels\|skip the outlined technology levels]] of the [[incremental path]] and try to create at least one necessarily very small and simple hydrocarbon [[robotic mechanosyntesis core]]** from which via exponential assembly a nanofactory can be spawned.
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	A little less ambitious but still very challenging approach would be to improve MEMS SPM technology so far that it is fast and accurate enough that arrays of it are able to produce early atomically precise productive nanosystems in sufficiently massive parallelism for early very low throughput products.		A little less ambitious but still very challenging approach would be to improve MEMS SPM technology so far that it is fast and accurate enough that arrays of it are able to produce early atomically precise productive nanosystems in sufficiently massive parallelism for early very low throughput products.

	~~Most~~ realistically though it seems that the direct path will be massively accelerated by opening up and using results of the incremental path.		Perhaps most realistically though it seems that the direct path will be massively accelerated by opening up and using results of the incremental path.
	That is instead of using MEMS to pick and place atoms in the future it might be used to pick and place bigger assemblies form [[structural DNA nanotechnology]] de-novo protein technology or similar.		That is instead of using MEMS to pick and place atoms in the future it might be used to pick and place bigger assemblies form [[structural DNA nanotechnology]] de-novo protein technology or similar.

Apm: /* Phases of the direct path */

2024-08-01T21:53:09Z

Phases of the direct path

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	* [[Early prototyping of piezochemical mechanosynthesis]]		* [[Early prototyping of piezochemical mechanosynthesis]]
	* [[Direct path scaling to ~~macrosystems~~]]		* [[Direct path scaling to macroscale productive nanosystems]]

	== Difficulties / hurdles ==		== Difficulties / hurdles ==

Apm: /* Phases of the direct path / added links to two yet unwritten pages Early prototyping of piezochemical mechanosynthesis * Direct path scaling to macrosystems

2024-08-01T21:52:28Z

Phases of the direct path: added links to two yet unwritten pages * Early prototyping of piezochemical mechanosynthesis * Direct path scaling to macrosystems

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	{{wikitodo\|Factor the page apart according to these two phases.}}		{{wikitodo\|Factor the page apart according to these two phases.}}

			* [[Early prototyping of piezochemical mechanosynthesis]]
			* [[Direct path scaling to macrosystems]]

	== Difficulties / hurdles ==		== Difficulties / hurdles ==

Apm: /* Phases of the direct path */ added wikitodo

2024-08-01T21:40:09Z

Phases of the direct path: added wikitodo

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	Here in this wiki the "direct path" will refer to both phases combinedly.<br>		Here in this wiki the "direct path" will refer to both phases combinedly.<br>
	Merely the first phase alone may be part of a [[mixed path]].		Merely the first phase alone may be part of a [[mixed path]].

			{{wikitodo\|Factor the page apart according to these two phases.}}

	== Difficulties / hurdles ==		== Difficulties / hurdles ==

Apm: /* Benefits from results of direct path development attempts */

2024-08-01T21:38:41Z

Benefits from results of direct path development attempts

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	== Benefits from results of direct path development attempts ==		== Benefits from results of direct path development attempts ==

	Experiental (and theoretical) proof of principle for far term goal strongly guided [[mechanosynthesis]].		Experiental (and theoretical) proof of principle for far term goal strongly guided [[mechanosynthesis]]. <br>
	Showing that the [[fat finger problem]] is not a show stopper even with currently available crude blunt tips with barely known structure and the [[sticky finger problem]] is actually not a problem. The "stickyness" helps instead.		Showing that …
			* the [[fat finger problem]] is not a show stopper even with currently available crude blunt tips with barely known structure and that …
			* the [[sticky finger problem]] is actually not a problem. The "stickyness" helps instead.

	== Direct path & critique with more or less sound basis ==		== Direct path & critique with more or less sound basis ==

Apm: added == Phases of the direct path ==

2024-08-01T21:33:47Z

added == Phases of the direct path ==

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	The objective of the direct path is to attain APM capabilities without the detour over bio-derived and solution phase systems (Skipping directly to [[technology level III\|vacuum gemstone metamaterial technology]]).		The objective of the direct path is to attain APM capabilities without the detour over bio-derived and solution phase systems (Skipping directly to [[technology level III\|vacuum gemstone metamaterial technology]]).

			== Phases of the direct path ==

			'''The direct path can be divided up into two parts:'''
			* development of tip based mechanosynthesis (demonstrating methods that circumvent the [[fat finger problem]])
			* scaling [[atomically precise]] systems up to macroscale size (via [[bootstrapping]] methods) <br>using [[diamondoid]] [[crystolecule]] parts only (no [[foldamers]])

			Here in this wiki the "direct path" will refer to both phases combinedly.<br>
			Merely the first phase alone may be part of a [[mixed path]].

	== Difficulties / hurdles ==		== Difficulties / hurdles ==

Apm: changed intro a bit

2024-08-01T21:24:09Z

changed intro a bit

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:24, 1 August 2024
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	The objective of the direct path is to attain APM capabilities without the detour over bio-derived and solution phase systems (Skipping directly to [[technology level III\|vacuum gemstone metamaterial technology]]).		The objective of the direct path is to attain APM capabilities without the detour over bio-derived and solution phase systems (Skipping directly to [[technology level III\|vacuum gemstone metamaterial technology]]).

	~~One driving aspect are products that are perceived to be potentially profitable in a relative short term.~~		== Difficulties / hurdles ==
	~~The incremental path can easily provide such motivation with medical applications that historically have been cash cows.~~
	~~For the direct path in comparison it seems harder to find such catch-pennies for potential investors.~~
	~~Some potential early products here include e.g. Metric standards. {{wikitodo\|add more potential early products for the direct path}}~~

	There are several hard hurdles where progress seems slow. Like:		There are several hard hurdles where progress seems slow. Like:
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	Most realistically though it seems that the direct path will be massively accelerated by opening up and using results of the incremental path.		Most realistically though it seems that the direct path will be massively accelerated by opening up and using results of the incremental path.
	That is instead of using MEMS to pick and place atoms in the future it might be used to pick and place bigger assemblies form [[structural DNA nanotechnology]] de-novo protein technology or similar.		That is instead of using MEMS to pick and place atoms in the future it might be used to pick and place bigger assemblies form [[structural DNA nanotechnology]] de-novo protein technology or similar.

			== Side products ==

			A major driving aspect for progress along a pathway are products that are perceived to be potentially profitable in a relative short term. <br>
			The [[incremental path]] can "easily" provide such motivation with medical applications that historically have been cash cows.
			Well at least some accidental progress from that. It can be a strong distraction from progress on the pathway too.

			For the direct path in comparison it seems harder to find early products for potential investors. <br>
			Some potential early products here include e.g. Metric standards. {{wikitodo\|add more potential early products for the direct path}} <br>
			Quantum devices that critically depend on atomic precision and are valuable even with products of very low atom count. <br>
			Question is what kind of quantum devices.

	== Benefits from results of direct path development attempts ==		== Benefits from results of direct path development attempts ==

← Older revision		Revision as of 15:56, 6 October 2024
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	[[File:INfAPM-concept-video screen-capture.png\|400px\|thumb\|right\|This is a '''screen capture from a concept animation video''' that was created in the context of the '''"Integrated Nanosystems for Atomically Precise Manufacturing Workshop – August 5-6, 2015"'''. The proposal contains several already experimentally created and shown materials and techniques that on their own were already cutting edge combined into one systems. This is pushing the limits hard and very much falls under the direct approach.]]		[[File:INfAPM-concept-video screen-capture.png\|400px\|thumb\|right\|This is a '''screen capture from a concept animation video''' that was created in the context of the '''"Integrated Nanosystems for Atomically Precise Manufacturing Workshop – August 5-6, 2015"'''. The proposal contains several already experimentally created and shown materials and techniques that on their own were already cutting edge combined into one systems. This is pushing the limits hard and very much falls under the direct approach.]]
	[[File:self-replicating-assembler-unit.png\|thumb\|Artistic depiction of a mobile assembler unit capable of self replication (linked to a "crystal" of assemblers and thus not ''free floating''). '''An outdated idea sometimes associated with the direct path.''' Factory style [[productive nanosystem]]s have also been discussed in the context of the direct path.]]		[[File:self-replicating-assembler-unit.png\|thumb\| '''OUTDATED''' – Artistic depiction of a mobile assembler unit capable of self replication (linked to a "crystal" of assemblers and thus not ''free floating''). '''An outdated idea sometimes associated with the direct path.''' Factory style [[productive nanosystem]]s have also been discussed in the context of the direct path.]]

	The ''direct path'' is a second [[Pathways to advanced APM systems\|pathway to advanced APM systems]] beside the [[incremental path]].		The ''direct path'' is a second [[Pathways to advanced APM systems\|pathway to advanced APM systems]] beside the [[incremental path]].