View source for Ultra high resolution atomically resolving imaging via SPM microscopy

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As of 2023 by means of attaching a -CO group to the tip of a stiff AFM cantilever <br>
it is possible to resolve not just atoms but even atomic substructures. <br> 
That is: Details of he shape of inter-orbital steric repulsion. <br>

== Unexpected shapes of surface repulsion ==

In cases where metal electron gas is involved repulsion can behave in rather non-intuitive ways. <br>
Like e.g. an atom behaving like a ring in the shape of it's repulsion. <br>
{{wikitodo|find and link relevant video and paper}}

{{wikitodo|Find and link relevant paper about great advance in chemical contrast}}

== High resolution of AFM as a unexpected surprise ==

Earlier STM was considered more highly resolving because of the tunneling current featuring rapid exponential drop-off. <br>
Also the manufacturing method of etching PtIr tips may lead to sharper tips than when etching silicon or [[silicon nitride]] (to verify). <br>
As such the AFMs with one big leap overtaking STMs (via the -CO pickup trick) may have come as a bit of a surprise.

== Singleatomic manipulation mostly done by STM instead with more limited resolution ==

Though the methods used for this high resolution are of very different kind to the ones with which <br>
manipulation of individual atoms have been shown. {{wikitodo|investigate details}}

== Related ==

* [[Experimental demonstrations of single atom manipulation]]
* [[Scanning probe microscopy]]
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* 2022 video [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kbQYU1HVCbs Franz Giessibl | Chemical Bonds to Atoms Resolved by Subatomically Resolved Atomic Force Microscopy] (non intuitive shapes of repulsion)
* 2017 paper [https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms14313 Ultrahigh-resolution imaging of water networks by atomic force microscopy]
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* 2014 video lecture on nc-AFM [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=r0i9modCHi4 nanoHUB-U Fundamentals of AFM L1.3: Tip-Surface Interactions (Non-Contact) - Physical Models]

== External links ==

* Wikipedia: [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Non-contact_atomic_force_microscopy Non-contact atomic force microscopy]